Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with HH who were listed for and underwent LT from 2003 to 2019 with recipient and donor demographics
| Demographics | Patients who were on the waiting list | Patients who received an LT |
|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 862 | 479 |
| Recipient characteristics | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 57.5 (8.9) | 58.2 (8.2) |
| Female, No. (%) | 156 (18.1) | 67 (14.0) |
| Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 785 (91.1) | 433 (90.4) |
| Black | 16 (1.9) | 8 (1.7) |
| Hispanic | 47 (5.5) | 29 (6.1) |
| Obtained associate or bachelor degree, No. (%) | 263 (30.5) | 156 (32.6) |
| Employed, No. (%) | 236 (27.4) | 94 (19.6) |
| Karnofsky performance status, mean (SD), % rating | 65.2 (21.9) | 56.0 (23.6) |
| Albumin, mean (SD), g/dL | 3.2 (0.7) | 3.2 (0.8) |
| Previous abdominal surgery, No. (%) | 310 (36.0) | 195 (40.7) |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 29.2 (5.6) | 28.8 (5.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus, No. (%) | 289 (33.5) | 161 (33.6) |
| Ascites, No. (%) | 597 (69.3) | 348 (72.7) |
| Any encephalopathy, No. (%) | 492 (57.1) | 302 (63.0) |
| Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, No. (%) | 60 (7.0) | 40 (8.4) |
| Portal vein thrombosis, No. (%) | 33 (3.8) | 52 (10.9) |
| MELD score, mean (SD) | 17.5 (9.0) | 21.2 (10.2) |
| HCC, No. (%) | 92 (10.7) | 59 (12.3) |
| TIPS, No. (%) | 44 (5.1) | 36 (7.5) |
| On life support, No. (%) | 23 (2.7) | 23 (4.8) |
| Creatinine, mean (SD), mg/dL | 1.2 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.9) |
| Dialysis, No. (%) | 35 (4.1) | 34 (7.1) |
| Wait time, median (IQR), days | ||
| Overall on the waitlist | 137 (391) | - |
| To transplant | 61 (196) | - |
| To death on the waitlist | 141 (389) | - |
| UNOS region, No. (%) | ||
| 1: CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, E. VT | 55 (6.4) | 22 (4.6) |
| 2: DE, DC, MD, NJ, PA, WV, N. VA | 112 (13.0) | 52 (10.9) |
| 3: AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MS, PR | 113 (13.1) | 84 (17.5) |
| 4: OK, TX | 140 (16.2) | 64 (13.4) |
| 5: AZ, CA, NV, NM, UT | 78 (9.1) | 35 (7.3) |
| 6: AK, HI, ID, MT, OR, WA | 14 (1.6) | 9 (1.9) |
| 7: IL, MN, ND, SD, WI | 85 (9.9) | 48 (10.0) |
| 8: CO, IA, KS, MO, NE, WY | 45 (5.2) | 30 (6.3) |
| 9: NY, W. VT | 58 (6.7) | 30 (6.3) |
| 10: IN, MI, OH | 72 (8.4) | 48 (10.0) |
| 11: KY, NC, SC, TN, VA | 90 (10.4) | 57 (11.9) |
| Year of listing/transplant, No. (%) | ||
| 2003 – 2009 | 344 (39.9) | 190 (39.7) |
| 2010 – 2014 | 230 (26.7) | 122 (25.5) |
| 2015 – 2019 | 288 (33.4) | 167 (34.9) |
| Retransplant, No. (%) | - | 24 (5.0) |
| Donor characteristics | - | n = 479 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | - | 44.6 (16.6) |
| Female, No. (%) | - | 165 (34.4) |
| Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | - | 327 (68.3) |
| Black | - | 89 (18.6) |
| Hispanic | - | 50 (10.4) |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | - | 28.3 (6.7) |
| Cold ischemia time, mean (SD), h | - | 6.2 (2.8) |
| Cause of death, No. (%) | ||
| Anoxia | - | 124 (25.9) |
| CVA | - | 186 (38.8) |
| Trauma | - | 134 (28.0) |
| Organ location, No. (%) | ||
| Local | - | 351 (73.3) |
| Regional | - | 107 (22.3) |
| National | - | 21 (4.4) |
| Donation after cardiac death, No. (%) | - | 29 (6.1) |
| Macrovesicular steatosis > 5%, No. (%) | - | 65 (13.6) |
| History of hypertension, No. (%) | - | 195 (40.7) |
| History of diabetes, No. (%) | - | 65 (13.6) |
| High risk for blood-borne disease transmission, No. (%) | - | 63 (13.2) |
| Positive for anti-HBc, No. (%) | - | 27 (5.6) |
All waitlist characteristics were ascertained at the time of listing. All transplant characteristics were ascertained at the time of transplant, except the presence of diabetes, SBP, and HCC, which were only specified at the time of listing.
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index, MELD = model for end-stage liver disease, HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, TIPS = transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, CVA= cerebrovascular accident, anti-HBc = hepatitis B core antibody