TABLE 3.
Unadjusted associations of elaidic acid levels in plasma with the daily grams, energy, % grams and % energy intake from the 4 different Nova groups and middle bound scenario (N = 9460).
| Pearson correlation | Spearman correlation | |||
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| Middle bound | R (Unadjusted association) | p-value (unadjusted) | R (Unadjusted association) | p-value (unadjusted) |
| Expressed in g/day | ||||
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods –G1 | 0.20 | <0.0001 | 0.25 | <0.0001 |
| Processed culinary ingredients –G2 | –0.38 | <0.0001 | –0.43 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 | –0.35 | <0.0001 | –0.37 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 excl. alcohol intake | –0.30 | <0.0001 | –0.31 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 | 0.37 | <0.0001 | 0.44 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 excl. alcohol intake | 0.37 | <0.0001 | 0.44 | <0.0001 |
| Expressed in kcal/day | ||||
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods –G1 | –0.11 | <0.0001 | –0.10 | <0.0001 |
| Processed culinary ingredients –G2 | –0.43 | <0.0001 | –0.48 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 | –0.32 | <0.0001 | –0.32 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 excl. alcohol intake | –0.25 | <0.0001 | –0.26 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 | 0.45 | <0.0001 | 0.47 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 excl. alcohol intake | 0.45 | <0.0001 | 0.48 | <0.0001 |
| Expressed in % of g/day incl. alcohol intake | ||||
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods –G1 | 0.18 | <0.0001 | 0.17 | <0.0001 |
| Processed culinary ingredients –G2 | –0.39 | <0.0001 | –0.46 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 | –0.40 | <0.0001 | –0.44 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 | 0.30 | <0.0001 | 0.37 | <0.0001 |
| Expressed in % of kcal/day incl. alcohol intake | ||||
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods –G1 | –0.07 | <0.0001 | –0.07 | <0.0001 |
| Processed culinary ingredients –G2 | –0.46 | <0.0001 | –0.49 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 | –0.34 | <0.0001 | –0.34 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 | 0.53 | <0.0001 | 0.54 | <0.0001 |
| Expressed in % of g/day excl. alcohol intake | ||||
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods –G1 | 0.08 | <0.0001 | 0.07 | <0.0001 |
| Processed culinary ingredients –G2 | –0.41 | <0.0001 | –0.47 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 | –0.35 | <0.0001 | –0.39 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 | 0.28 | <0.0001 | 0.34 | <0.0001 |
| Expressed in % of kcal/day excl. alcohol intake | ||||
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods –G1 | –0.11 | <0.0001 | –0.11 | <0.0001 |
| Processed culinary ingredients –G2 | –0.47 | <0.0001 | –0.51 | <0.0001 |
| Processed foods –G3 | –0.29 | <0.0001 | –0.29 | <0.0001 |
| Ultra-processed foods –G4 | 0.52 | <0.0001 | 0.53 | <0.0001 |
Supplementary Table 9 presents the correlations for the 4 different Nova groups for lower, middle and upper bound scenarios adjusted for sex, age, BMI and country.