Table 1.
Summary of characteristics and results of the included studies.
|
Author/Country/Year/ Study design |
Sample | MIH evaluation | Respiratory disease evaluation | Results | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Source | n | Agea | ||||
| Durmus et al. (30); case-control N falou de antibiotic |
Children attending the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the Dental School of Marmara University | Total: 107 With MIH: 54 Without MIH: 53 |
With MIH: 9.9 ± 1.7 years Without MIH: 10.08 ± 2.25 | EAPD | Questionnaire | Significant differences between groups were observed in the numbers of children who had asthma before the age of 3 years (p = 0.050). |
| Lygidakis et al. (23); case-control N falou de antibiotic |
Patients of the Community Dental Center for Children in Athens | Total: 720 With MIH: 360 Without MIH: 360 |
With MIH: 8.17 ± 1.38 Without MIH: NI |
Oral examination | Interview | Upper and lower respiratory medical problems were reported as postnatal potential etiological factor in MIH (88/162). Prevalence of respiratory problems reported: Bronchitis (5.8%), Asthma (4.1%), Bronchiolitis (1.9%), Laryngitis (1.6%), and Tonsillitis (1.38%) |
| Pitiphat et al. (31); cross-sectional |
Students of five primary schools in urban areas of Khon Kaen District, Thailand | Total: 282 With MIH: 78 Without MIH: 204 |
8.0 ± 0.5 | EAPD | Interview | MIH was observed more frequently in children with asthma compared with those without (52.9 vs. 26.0%). Pneumonia was found equally between the groups (28.6 vs. 27.6) |
| Sönmez et al. (32); cross-sectional |
Students of 21 primary schools located in the urban areas of the five central municipalities of Ankara, Turkey. | Total: 3,827 With MIH: 301, Without MIH: 3,526 |
with MIH: 9.55 ± 2.5 years without MIH: NI |
Oral examination following the suggestions of FDI Working Group (Commission on Oral Health, 1992) | Questionnaire | MIH was found to be associated with pneumonia. Asthma and respiratory tract infection were not associated with MIH. |
| Souza et al. (33); cross sectional |
Students of public schools, in urban and rural areas of Botelhos, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The town | Total: 903 With MIH: 182 Without MIH: 721 |
9 | EAPD | Questionnaire | Throat infection was linked to MIH. Pneumonia, rhinitis and bronchitis were not associated with MIH. |
| Beentjes et al. (34); case control N falou |
Children of Amsterdam area. | Total; 45 With MIH: 24 Without MIH: 21 |
9.9 ± 2.02 | NI | Questionnaire | Pacients with MIH: pneumonia 21%, airway infection 8%, cara 13%, asthma 8% |
| Ahmadi et al. (24); case control |
Students of four elementary schools of Zahedans disctrict | Total: 373 With MIH: 55 Without MIH: 318 |
7–9 | Oral examinations using DDE index | Questionnaire | Postnatal factors such as asthma were higher in MIH affected children than in normal children. |
| Allazzam et al. (35); cross sectional |
Pacients of Pediatric Dental Clinics, Faculty of Dentistry, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, | Total: 267 With MIH: 23 Without MIH: 244 |
8–12 | Oral examination | Questionnaire | Children with MIH had significantly more episodes of upper respiratory tract infections including adenoiditis, tonsillitis, or asthma. |
| Ghanim et al. (36); case control |
Students of schools in Mosul city, Iraq | Total: 823 With MIH: 153 Without MIH: 670 |
10–12 | EAPD | Questionnaire | The risk of MIH was significantly more likely to happen following acute health illnesses: pneumonia (OR, 2.28), tonsillitis (OR, 4.00) and pneumonia (OR, 9.37) |
| de Lima et al. (37); cross-sectional | Students of public and private schools of Teresina city, Piauí, Brazil | Total: 594 With MIH: 109 Without MIH: 485 |
11–14 | EAPD | Questionnaire | Respiratory distress in postnatal period was not associated with MIH |
| Muratbegovic et al. (38); case-control |
Students of Schools of nine cities in Boznia and Herzegovina | Total: 530 With MIH: 69 Without MIH: 491 |
12 | EAPD | Questionnaire | Correlation between tonsillitis and MIH (p = 0.06) suggested that patients who had frequent tonsillitis were more likely to present MIH. |
| Whatling and Fearne et al. (39); case control |
Department of Pediatric Dentistry at The Royal London Hospital | Total: 109 With MIH: 57 Without MIH: 52 |
With: 8.51 Without: 8.85 |
NI | Interview | No correlation found between asthma and MIH (p = 0.856). |
| Wuollet et al. (40)/ Finland | Schools from two rural Finnish towns, Lammi and Jalasj€arvi | Total: 287 With MIH:33 Without MIH: 254 |
10.4 | EAPD | Medical records | Respiratory infectious illnesses were not significantly associated with MIH. |
EAPD, Oral examination with European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria; NI, not informed. aAge was reported as mean§SD, median or minimal age reported in the inclusion criteria.