Table 2.
Treatment Characteristics and Outcomes Among Patients With MDR TB Treated With Linezolid by Dose—California, 2009–2016
| Overall (n = 69) | Standard-Dose Linezolid (600 mg/d; n = 39) | Low-Dose Linezolid (Intermittent Dose and 300-mg Daily Dose; n = 30) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of drugs over course of MDR TB treatment, median (range) | 9 (5–15) | 9 (5–15) | 9 (6–14) |
| Vitamin B6, No. (%) | 68 (99) | 38 (97) | 30 (100) |
| Vitamin B6 ≥200 mg daily, No. (%) | 7 (10) | 2 (5.1) | 5 (17) |
| Concurrent TB medications | |||
| ≥900 mg daily INH, No. (%) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0) |
| Moxifloxacin, No. (%) | 60 (87) | 35 (90) | 25 (83) |
| Levofloxacin, No. (%) | 28 (41) | 13 (33) | 15 (50) |
| Ethambutol, No. (%) | 50 (72) | 28 (72) | 22 (73) |
| Cycloserine, No. (%) | 47 (68) | 24 (62) | 23 (77) |
| Rifampin, No. (%) | 9 (13) | 8 (21) | 1 (3.3) |
| Days to culture conversion from MDR TB treatment start, median (range) | 41 (1–127) | 41.5 (5–127) | 39 (1–90) |
| aImaging improvement, No. (%) | 6/8 (75) | 3/4 (75) | 3/4 (75) |
| aWeight gain, No. (%) | 10/10 (100) | 6/6 (100) | 4/4 (100) |
| Treatment outcome | |||
| Cure, No. (%) | 48 (70) | 23 (59) | 25 (83) |
| Treatment complete, No. (%) | 15 (22) | 10 (26) | 5 (17) |
| Treatment failed, No. (%) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0) |
| Stopped treatment due to side effects, No. (%) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0) |
| Died, No. (%) | 2 (2.9) | 2 (5.1) | 0 (0) |
| Lost to follow-up, No. (%) | 2 (2.9) | 2 (5.1) | 0 (0) |
| Successful outcome, No. (%) | 63 (91) | 33 (85) | 30 (100) |
| On linezolid at end of treatment of those who completed treatment, No. (%) | 35/63 (56) | 13/33 (39) | 22/30 (73) |
| On linezolid at end of treatment of those who completed treatment AND had ≥1 adverse event, No. (%) | 32/58 (55) | 11/28 (39) | 21/30 (70) |
| ≥ 6 mo linezolid treatment completed, No. (%) | 53 (77) | 24 (62) | 29 (97) |
| Reason linezolid stopped | |||
| Treatment completion, No. (%) | 35 (51) | 13 (33) | 22 (73) |
| Adverse event, No. (%) | 26 (38) | 19 (49) | 7 (23) |
| Treatment end (failure), No. (%) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0) |
| Other, No. (%) | 7 (10) | 6 (15) | 1 (3.3) |
| Linezolid treatment duration, median (range), d | 413 (14–790) | 240 (14–790) | 535 (304–755) |
| MDR TB treatment duration, median (range), d | 591 (42–857) | 592 (42–857) | 589.5 (412–844) |
Abbreviations: INH, isoniazid; MDR, multidrug-resistant; TB, tuberculosis.
a
These statistics only include patients with extrapulmonary TB involvement. The denominator for imaging improvement is 8, the number of extrapulmonary patients with repeat imaging data.