Fig. 3.

IL-1 inhibition attenuates the compartmentalized hyperinflammation in a COVID-19-like murine model. In a COVID-19-like infection model, C57Bl6 mice were challenged i.v. with plasma of HVs or patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 for 3 consecutive days. In separate experiments, on each day of plasma challenge, mice were treated with anakinra, which inhibits human and murine IL-1, or vehicle. Mice were sacrificed on day 4. a–c TNFα, IL-6 (d, e), IFNγ (f), and MPO activity (g–i) was determined in tissues. Comparison by the Mann-Whitney U test; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01. ns nonsignificant.