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. 2022 Dec 16;18(12):e1011046. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011046

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© 2022 Zhang et al

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Fig 3 — The effects of pharmaceutical intervention (vaccination program, A) and non-pharmaceutical intervention (using facemasks plus hand hygiene, B) on the summer epidemics of influenza A(H3N2) in 2013/2014 (Left), 2014/2015 (Middle) and 2016/2017 (Right). The triangles and circles in the top panel represent the influenza coverage in China (9.4% [19]) and United States (43.8% [20]), respectively; while the color represents the average (black, 29%) and season-specified vaccine effectiveness (blue,0.09 for 2014/2015 [16], 0.54 for 2015/2016 [17] and 0.22 for 2017/2018 [18]). The triangles and circles in the bottom panel show the percentage of the population using facemasks plus hand hygiene in the non-pandemic period (39% [22]) and pandemic period (84% [23]), respectively. The color in the triangles or circles represents the low (13%, black), middle (23%, blue), and high (87.0%, red) effectiveness of using facemasks plus hand hygiene to prevent influenza A(H3N2) [21], respectively.