Table 2. Posterior means and 95% credible intervals (CIs) of the population-level mean parameters in the four groups.

		Lesion patients		Matched comparisons		Difference
		Posterior mean	95% CI	Posterior mean	95% CI	Posterior mean	95% CI	Bayesian p
rIFG	μgo	479	[435,521]	578	[505,650]	–99	[-181,–15]	0.01
	σgo	75	[60,94]	90	[73,107]	–15	[–39,10]	0.12
	τgo	154	[111,216]	76	[54,109]	78	[25,145]	0
	Mean Go-RT	633	[572,708]	654	[576,730]	–21	[–124,80]	0.34
	μstop	223	[197,249]	198	[182,215]	25	[–6,55]	0.06
	σstop	40	[26,58]	24	[16,37]	16	[–3,37]	0.05
	τstop	45	[30,65]	34	[22,50]	11	[–12,35]	0.17
	Mean SSRT	268	[237,298]	232	[211,254]	35	[–2,73]	0.03
	P(TF)	0.16	[0.08,0.29]	0.03	[0,0.12]	0.13	[0.01,0.27]	0.02
Non-rIFG	μgo	547	[504,589]	575	[506,646]	–28	[–109,52]	0.24
	σgo	98	[84,111]	104	[85,122]	-6	[–29,17]	0.30
	τgo	106	[79,139]	85	[61,116]	21	[–19,62]	0.15
	Mean Go-RT	653	[602,706]	660	[586,735]	-7	[–97,83]	0.43
	μstop	215	[191,239]	199	[184,215]	16	[–11,43]	0.12
	σstop	54	[24,104]	24	[14,36]	31	[0.11,80]	0.02
	τstop	29	[18,44]	26	[13,44]	3	[–18,22]	0.36
	Mean SSRT	244	[218,271]	225	[204,249]	19	[–12,49]	0.11
	P(TF)	0.02	[0,0.05]	0.04	[0.02,0.08]	–0.02	[0.07,0.02]	0.09

The parameters of the Go-RT and SSRT distributions are presented on the ms scale. The P(TF) parameter is presented on the probability scale. The posterior distribution of 'Difference' is computed by subtracting the posterior samples of the matched comparison group from the corresponding samples of the lesion group, i.e., positive values indicate that the parameter is higher in the lesion group than in the matched comparison group. 'Bayesian p' is computed as the proportion of posterior samples in the posterior distribution of the lesion group that is larger than in the matched comparisons group. Bayesian p values are presented as P = min(p, 1p), i.e., as non-directional tests, with results at a two-sided p of 0.05 (i.e., a one-sided critical p of 0.025) highlighted in bold.

rIFG = right inferior frontal gyrus; SSRT = stop-signal reaction time.