Table 2.
General characteristic of the included studies.
| Study (year) | Parameters of ESWT | Control | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Radial or focused | Pulse | Energy | Frequency (Hz) | Treatment interval/times | ||
| Yang 2015 | Focused | 1800–2500 | NS | 1.5 | 3–4 d/6 | Celebrex (0.2 g each time, twice a day) |
| Wu 2016 | Radial | 2000 | 1.8–2.5 bar | 8–10 | 4–5 d/4 | Sham ESWT |
| Moon 2017 | Focused | 2000 | 0.09–0.25 mJ/mm2 | 3 | Single session | Sham ESWT |
| Walewicz 2019 | Radial | 2000 | 2.5 bar | 5 | 3–4 d/10 | Sham ESWT |
| Çelik 2019 | Radial | 1500 | 0.12 mJ/mm2 | 2.5 | 3–4 d/12 | placebo ESWT (0.08 mJ/mm2)* |
| Schneider 2018 | Focused | NS | NS | 15–42 | 2/wk | Myofascial trigger therapy |
| Eftekharsadat 2020 | Focused | 1500 | 0.1 mJ/mm2 | 10–16 | 1/wk | Sham ESWT |
| Elgendy 2020 | Focused | 2000 | 0.1 mJ/mm2 | 5 | 2/wk | Physical exercise |
| Guo 2021 | Radial | 4000 | NS | 15 | 1/wk | Celebrex |
| Kang 2015 | Radial | 1000 | 0.15 mJ/mm2 | 4 | 1/wk | Conservative treatment |
| NAHAS 2018 | Radial | 2000 | 2 bar | 10 | 2/wk | Physical exercise |
| Taheri 2021 | Focused | 1500 | 0.15 mJ/mm2 | 4 | 1/wk | Sham ESWT |
| Zheng 2013 | Radial | 2000 | 1.6–3 bar | 8–12 | Once a day | Sham ESWT |
ESWT = extracorporeal shock wave therapy.