Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Study design | Population | Country | Total cases | Male | Mean age | Definition of CIN | CIN incidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agarwal 2018[16] | prospective | STEMI/NSTEMI underwent PCI | India | 150 | 97 | 63.0 ± 9.07 | An absolute increase of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥ 25% within 48 h after index angiography | 14.60% |
| Akgul 2014[17] | prospective | STEMI underwent PCI | Turkey | 424 | 340 | 55.3 ± 12.0 | An absolute increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥ 50% from the baseline | 13.70% |
| Alan 2019[18] | Prospective | ACS underwent PCI | France | 216 | 172 | 62.7 ± 12.3 | An absolute increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥ 50% within 7 d after injection | 10% |
| Kurtul 2014[19] | Prospective | STEMI/NSTEMI underwent PCI | Turkey | 436 | 280 | 62.27 ± 13.01 | An increase of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or ≥ 25% above baseline within 72 h after contrast administration | 14.40% |
| Lin 2018[20] | Prospective | CAD underwent PCI | China | 540 | 386 | 78.86 ± 3.29 | An absolute increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥ 50% within 48 h after contrast medium exposure | 10% |
| Liu 2015[21] | Prospective | Patients underwent CAG or PCI | China | 2248 | 1677 | 63.5 ± 10.7 | An increase of > 0.5 mg/dL over the baseline value within 48–72 h after the administration of contrast medium | 2.20% |
| Liu 2016[22] | Prospective | STEMI underwent PCI | China | 283 | NA | 62.9 ± 12.3 | An absolute increase of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL from baseline within 48–72h after contrast medium exposure | 9.20% |
| Mo 2021[23] | Retrospective | CAD underwent CAG or PCI | China | 2009 | 1588 | 63.3 ± 9.9 | An increase of 0.3 mg/dL or ≥ 50% at 48 h after surgery | 1.20% |
| Moltrasio 2014[24] | Prospective | STEMI/NSTEMI underwent PCI | Italy | 639 | 484 | 65.5 ± 13.1 | An increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL during CCU stay from baseline | 13% |
| Parenica 2020[25] | Retrospective | STEMI underwent PCI | Czech | 427 | 328 | (–) | An increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or ≥ 50% from baseline | 8.90% |
| Tung 2015[26] | Prospective | STEMI underwent PCI | China | 189 | 163 | 62.6 ± 13.9 | An increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dl or ≥ 50% from baseline within 48 hours | 19.60% |
| Lu 2018[27] | Retrospective | Patients with chest pain underwent CAG | China | 228 | 136 | 63.8 ± 9.70 | An absolute increase of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥ 25% within 72 h after index angiography | 15.79% |
ACS = acute coronary syndrome, CAD = coronary artery disease, CAG = coronary artery angiography, CIN = contrast induced nephropathy, NSTEMI = non ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, STEMI = ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction.