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. 2022 Dec 30;12:22596. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-27240-5

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The volume of the utricle otoconial layer was measured using a micro-CT scan (each n = 10–26). The volume of the utricle otoconial layer in the OVX + v group was significantly higher than that in the sham + v group (p < 0.001). The volumes of the utricle otoconial layers in the OVX + E2 and OVX + RAL groups were significantly lower than those in the OVX + v group (p = 0.007 and p = 0.04, respectively) (ANOVA: p < 0.001, *: p < 0.01, **: p < 0.05).