Table 3.
Age-standardised prevalence rate (per 100,000 persons) of heart failure by each underlying cause in 1990 and 2019 by the EMR countries.
| Ischemic heart disease | Hypertensive heart disease | Non-rheumatic valvular heart disease | Rheumatic heart disease | Alcoholic cardiomyopathy | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | ||||||
| Global | 306.28 (226.27–395.76) | 219.54 (158.77–299.36) | 41.71 (27.69–60.31) | 24.49 (18.89–31.19) | 12.6 (9.6–16.45) | |
| EMR | 298.36 (217.55–397.63) | 257.73 (186.8–353.93) | 4.55 (2.98–6.85) | 20.2 (15.48–26.3) | 1.62 (1.17–2.23) | |
| High SDI | Qatar | 600.47 (472.43–733.44) | 116.6 (89.22–151.98) | 17.08 (10.44–26.41) | 12.03 (9.41–15.25) | 3.58 (2.82–4.49) |
| United Arab Emirates | 297.09 (213.68–407.67) | 403.09 (292.19–547.11) | 10.61 (6.71–16.67) | 16 (11.83–21.38) | 2.08 (1.52–2.88) | |
| Kuwait | 390.47 (284.24–525.22) | 512.22 (373.84–682.79) | 9.78 (6.08–15.05) | 6.37 (4.73–8.3) | 1.07 (0.79–1.41) | |
| High-middle SDI | Oman | 348.1 (274.56–432.8) | 183.72 (141.46–241.6) | 7.52 (4.77–12.01) | 2.94 (2.23–3.75) | 0.92 (0.69–1.2) |
| Saudi Arabia | 418.04 (303.21–560.83) | 87.72 (63.41–119.7) | 8.3 (5.23–13.21) | 9.47 (6.93–12.51) | 1.35 (1–1.81) | |
| Bahrain | 542.63 (400.58–708.62) | 158.36 (115.73–218.3) | 9.47 (5.94–15) | 11.37 (8.45–15.07) | 4.84 (3.59–6.42) | |
| Lebanon | 328.09 (237.28–435.69) | 410.5 (300.11–556.55) | 5.91 (3.82–9) | 8.6 (6.32–11.23) | 2.82 (2.02–3.86) | |
| Libya | 341.87 (245.24–459.04) | 370.77 (272.52–501.18) | 6.98 (4.41–10.88) | 8.04 (5.93–10.66) | 1.91 (1.38–2.69) | |
| Jordan | 327.81 (236.15–438.42) | 536.69 (395.1–395.1) | 5.36 (3.31–8.42) | 5.62 (4.15–7.48) | 0.79 (0.58–1.03) | |
| Middle SDI | Egypt | 366.22 (247.23–519.21) | 270.73 (177.24–399.7) | 6.02 (3.93–9.24) | 8.85 (5.94–13.06) | 2.43 (1.57–3.79) |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 498.44 (367.54–646.38) | 106.13 (76.33–145.15) | 11.07 (8.21–15.51) | 21.17 (15.58–28.12) | 2.02 (1.44–2.8) | |
| Iraq | 480.34 (346.61–630.19) | 252.47 (184.74–351.61) | 7.55 (4.93–11.53) | 15.24 (11.21–20.37) | 0.74 (0.57–0.98) | |
| Tunisia | 351.95 (252.56–472.95) | 371.76 (267.29–501.57) | 5.26 (3.34–8.24) | 9.58 (6.99–12.76) | 1.72 (1.24–2.3) | |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 408.96 (300.4–540.29) | 420.1 (303.05–566.22) | 5.11 (3.39–7.42) | 17.3 (12.79–23.4) | 2.3 (1.67–3.08) | |
| Low-middle SDI | Sudan | 285.11 (206.2–389.39) | 330.63 (239.59–456.94) | 4.34 (2.72–6.8) | 12.06 (8.91–16.05) | 1.98 (1.39–2.8) |
| Morocco | 359.64 (261.8–481.35) | 353.04 (255.54–483.15) | 5.1 (3.24–7.91) | 13.71 (10.05–18.21) | 2.17 (1.54–3.04) | |
| Palestine | 366.92 (267.11–495.52) | 336.88 (245.86–464.75) | 4.39 (2.63–7.15) | 7.23 (5.29–9.54) | 1.13 (0.85–1.48) | |
| Djibouti | 166.23 (106.63–246.05) | 299.9 (200.94–428.8) | 2.31 (1.49–3.54) | 2.4 (1.55–3.64) | 1.64 (1.04–2.42) | |
| Low SDI | Pakistan | 155.04 (110.86–212.01) | 133.49 (92.63–188.53) | 1.99 (1.3–2.95) | 36.47 (27.36–47.68) | 0.68 (0.46–0.96) |
| Afghanistan | 223.29 (160.66–300.4) | 333.31 (243–456.31) | 4.32 (2.7–6.82) | 14.04 (10.32–18.93) | 1.46 (1.03–1.95) | |
| Yemen | 265.64 (189.96–356.38) | 351.69 (258.83–479.7) | 4.76 (3.02–7.4) | 13.59 (9.9–18.32) | 1.52 (1.08–2.07) | |
| Somalia | 140.55 (91.16–209.91) | 249.59 (167.42–356.78) | 1.39 (0.91–2.06) | 2.05 (1.29–3.21) | 2.77 (1.75–4.13) | |
| 2019 | ||||||
| Global | 265.72 (197.23–346.43) | 233.77 (170.52–312.9) | 31.38 (20.63–46.45) | 26.32 (20.4–33.45) | 8.51 (6.6–11.01) | |
| EMR | 327.38 (237.76–434.52) | 281.65 (204.52–383.41) | 4.77 (3.13–7.09) | 19.73 (14.99–25.84) | 1.71 (1.24–2.35) | |
| High SDI | Qatar | 586.91 (429.05–766.08) | 105.23 (76.16–143.07) | 12.86 (7.92–19.34) | 10.08 (7.5–12.86) | 3.28 (2.45–4.32) |
| United Arab Emirates | 339.21 (242.56–455.69) | 424.02 (305.19–577.31) | 12.88 (8.02–19.69) | 16.14 (11.65–21.68) | 2.08 (1.48–2.84) | |
| Kuwait | 404.1 (292.57–535.9) | 514.94 (376.28–690.61) | 8.57 (5.2–12.83) | 6.52 (4.87–8.49) | 1.08 (0.8–1.43) | |
| High-middle SDI | Oman | 475.03 (354.24–619.21) | 223.09 (162.42–303.13) | 5.66 (3.64–8.5) | 3.73 (2.75–4.96) | 0.93 (0.67–1.31) |
| Saudi Arabia | 525.78 (384.19–688.69) | 94.86 (69.55–128.96) | 8.44 (5.27–12.78) | 10.48 (7.71–13.9) | 1.52 (1.13–2.05) | |
| Bahrain | 475.64 (348.76–632.62) | 145.26 (105.17–197.9) | 8.61 (5.4–12.9) | 10.62 (7.79–14.1) | 4.94 (3.69–6.55) | |
| Lebanon | 370.44 (266.27–502.52) | 428.83 (311.97–592.54) | 4.44 (2.9–6.59) | 9.23 (6.84–12.04) | 2.93 (2.13–3.99) | |
| Libya | 416.17 (304.37–555.77) | 389.51 (282.69–534.08) | 5.94 (3.77–8.99) | 8.82 (6.44–11.57) | 2.16 (1.55–3.01) | |
| Jordan | 317.68 (230.1–422.54) | 561.62 (417.93–747.58) | 5.51 (3.33–8.68) | 5.84 (4.34–7.63) | 0.83 (0.62–1.07) | |
| Middle SDI | Egypt | 391.59 (264.34–548.07) | 283.14 (183.82–416.49) | 6.51 (4.23–9.97) | 9.54 (6.42–13.9) | 2.79 (1.79–4.35) |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 557.45 (414.39–719.42) | 112.28 (81.12–156.38) | 9.59 (7.43–12.63) | 22.79 (16.78–30.83) | 2.27 (1.62–3.13) | |
| Iraq | 451.57 (322.19–601.55) | 249.77 (179.65–349.73) | 6.33 (4.17–9.53) | 15.54 (11.63–20.33) | 0.72 (0.54–0.94) | |
| Tunisia | 364.36 (262.84–484.49) | 378.24 (277.52–513.58) | 4.84 (3.11–7.35) | 9.94 (7.36–13.06) | 1.88 (1.39–2.56) | |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 386.97 (286.08–509.43) | 406.32 (293.66–546.33) | 4.63 (3.08–6.68) | 17.53 (12.98–23.82) | 2.28 (1.67–3.05) | |
| Low-middle SDI | Sudan | 350.4 (249.39–473.78) | 364.63 (263.61–499.95) | 4.69 (2.99–7.25) | 13.75 (10.14–18.17) | 2.15 (1.5–2.99) |
| Morocco | 343.88 (248.64–467.59) | 355.93 (258.71–487.66) | 5.46 (3.49–8.45) | 13.81 (10.27–18.19) | 2.26 (1.63–3.09) | |
| Palestine | 371.99 (269.49–496.34) | 337 (243.79–466.33) | 4.5 (2.67–7.3) | 7.22 (5.38–9.57) | 1.19 (0.89–1.56) | |
| Djibouti | 198.84 (128.59–292.65) | 319.34 (213.56–459.28) | 1.91 (1.26–2.92) | 2.56 (1.63–3.85) | 1.87 (1.17–2.74) | |
| Low SDI | Pakistan | 161.09 (114.43–220.05) | 138.55 (96.24–196.86) | 2.05 (1.34–3.05) | 38.43 (28.88–50.4) | 0.69 (0.47–0.98) |
| Afghanistan | 250.64 (180.38–336.6) | 357.56 (261.65–491.3) | 4.33 (2.7–6.71) | 15.25 (11.23–20.23) | 1.6 (1.13–2.14) | |
| Yemen | 304.72 (218.29–409.02) | 375.92 (274.84–511.56) | 4.46 (2.84–6.91) | 14.65 (10.86–19.57) | 1.6 (1.13–2.22) | |
| Somalia | 149.36 (98.33–217.66) | 248.69 (167.52–359.57) | 1.13 (0.77–1.7) | 2.26 (1.43–3.46) | 3.01 (1.92–4.37) | |
EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; SDI, Socio-demographic Index.