Table 4.
Age-standardised YLD rate (per 100,000 persons) of heart failure by each underlying cause in 1990 and 2019 by EMR countries.
| Ischemic heart disease | Hypertensive heart disease | Non-rheumatic valvular heart disease | Rheumatic heart disease | Alcoholic cardiomyopathy | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | ||||||
| Global | 27.47 (16.85–41.77) | 19.66 (11.75–30.51) | 3.76 (2.14–6.34) | 2.22 (1.38–3.31) | 1.15 (0.72–1.7) | |
| EMR | 26.58 (16.14–40.64) | 22.98 (13.56–35.67) | 0.41 (0.23–0.71) | 1.82 (1.14–2.7) | 0.15 (0.09–0.23) | |
| High SDI | Qatar | 54.02 (35.13–77.77) | 10.47 (6.48–15.77) | 1.54 (0.8–2.64) | 1.1 (0.7–1.68) | 0.33 (0.22–0.48) |
| United Arab Emirates | 26.66 (15.96–40.45) | 36.22 (21.95–55.61) | 0.96 (0.52–1.69) | 1.45 (0.87–2.29) | 0.19 (0.12–0.3) | |
| Kuwait | 35.16 (21.43–53.9) | 46.08 (27.62–68.58) | 0.89 (0.48–1.57) | 0.58 (0.37–0.88) | 0.1 (0.06–0.15) | |
| High-middle SDI | Oman | 31.01 (19.1–44.95) | 16.37 (10.05–24.46) | 0.67 (0.37–1.19) | 0.27 (0.17–0.41) | 0.09 (0.05–0.13) |
| Saudi Arabia | 37.08 (22.97–57.2) | 7.79 (4.55–12.08) | 0.74 (0.39–1.31) | 0.86 (0.53–1.35) | 0.12 (0.08–0.19) | |
| Bahrain | 48.71 (30.11–73.2) | 14.23 (8.54–22.26) | 0.86 (0.46–1.48) | 1.04 (0.63–1.56) | 0.44 (0.27–0.68) | |
| Lebanon | 29.36 (17.88–44.05) | 36.85 (22.07–56.27) | 0.54 (0.29–0.93) | 0.79 (0.49–1.2) | 0.26 (0.16–0.41) | |
| Libya | 30.59 (18.56–46.27) | 33.23 (19.95–49.86) | 0.63 (0.34–1.11) | 0.74 (0.45–1.12) | 0.18 (0.11–0.28) | |
| Jordan | 29.42 (17.48–44.81) | 48.17 (29.25–73.55) | 0.49 (0.26–0.87) | 0.52 (0.32–0.79) | 0.07 (0.05–0.11) | |
| Middle SDI | Egypt | 32.74 (18.76–51.87) | 24.21 (13.36–39.46) | 0.55 (0.3–0.96) | 0.81 (0.47–1.33) | 0.23 (0.13–0.38) |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 44.59 (26.87–67.98) | 9.51 (5.58–14.95) | 1 (0.6–1.58) | 1.92 (1.15–2.98) | 0.19 (0.11–0.29) | |
| Iraq | 42.89 (26–65.66) | 22.53 (13.39–34.78) | 0.68 (0.38–1.17) | 1.38 (0.85–2.1) | 0.07 (0.04–0.10) | |
| Tunisia | 31.57 (18.81–48.05) | 33.42 (19.76–51.48) | 0.48 (0.26–0.82) | 0.88 (0.54–1.37) | 0.16 (0.10–0.25) | |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 36.51 (22.39–56.11) | 37.57 (21.97–57.31) | 0.46 (0.27–0.76) | 1.57 (0.98–2.4) | 0.21 (0.13–0.32) | |
| Low-middle SDI | Sudan | 25.37 (15.28–38.94) | 29.47 (17.45–46.03) | 0.39 (0.21–0.69) | 1.1 (0.68–1.7) | 0.18 (0.11–0.29) |
| Morocco | 32.25 (19.37–49.15) | 31.66 (18.91–49.14) | 0.46 (0.25–0.81) | 1.25 (0.77–1.94) | 0.20 (0.12–0.31) | |
| Palestine | 32.85 (20.12–49.83) | 30.12 (17.85–46.99) | 0.4 (0.2–0.73) | 0.67 (0.41–1.02) | 0.1 (0.07–0.16) | |
| Djibouti | 14.84 (8.29–24.57) | 26.75 (14.97–42.33) | 0.21 (0.12–0.37) | 0.22 (0.12–0.37) | 0.15 (0.09–0.25) | |
| Low SDI | Pakistan | 13.6 (8.23–20.74) | 11.7 (6.71–18.52) | 0.18 (0.1–0.31) | 3.26 (1.98–4.82) | 0.06 (0.04–0.10) |
| Afghanistan | 19.82 (11.83–30.36) | 29.61 (17.95–45.91) | 0.39 (0.21–0.7) | 1.27 (0.77–1.97) | 0.13 (0.08–0.21) | |
| Yemen | 23.71 (14.16–36.76) | 31.38 (18.85–47.92) | 0.43 (0.23–0.74) | 1.23 (0.75–1.91) | 0.14 (0.08–0.22) | |
| Somalia | 12.49 (6.94–20.71) | 22.18 (12.37–35.47) | 0.13 (0.07–0.22) | 0.19 (0.1–0.32) | 0.25 (0.14–0.42) | |
| 2019 | ||||||
| Global | 23.86 (14.74–35.69) | 21.01 (12.61–32.68) | 2.83 (1.59–4.73) | 2.39 (1.50–3.57) | 0.78 (0.49–1.16) | |
| EMR | 29.37 (17.76–44.96) | 25.28 (14.86–39.27) | 0.44 (0.24–0.75) | 1.79 (1.1–2.66) | 0.16 (0.10–0.24) | |
| High SDI | Qatar | 53.08 (33–80.88) | 9.55 (5.69–14.63) | 1.17 (0.62–2.01) | 0.92 (0.57–1.39) | 0.30 (0.19–0.46) |
| United Arab Emirates | 30.6 (18.27–46.52) | 38.34 (22.92–59.27) | 1.17 (0.62–2.05) | 1.47 (0.87–2.30) | 0.19 (0.12–0.30) | |
| Kuwait | 36.54 (21.94–55.27) | 46.54 (28.14–70.72) | 0.78 (0.42–1.34) | 0.6 (0.38–0.90) | 0.10 (0.06–0.15) | |
| High-middle SDI | Oman | 42.63 (26.14–63.18) | 19.99 (12.03–31.05) | 0.51 (0.28–0.89) | 0.35 (0.21–0.51) | 0.09 (0.05–0.13) |
| Saudi Arabia | 47.25 (28.32–72.07) | 8.54 (5.03–13.36) | 0.77 (0.42–1.37) | 0.96 (0.60–1.48) | 0.14 (0.09–0.21) | |
| Bahrain | 42.95 (26.39–64.13) | 13.11 (7.94–20.13) | 0.79 (0.43–1.37) | 0.97 (0.59–1.48) | 0.46 (0.28–0.69) | |
| Lebanon | 33.38 (20.2–51.38) | 38.71 (23.28–59.52) | 0.41 (0.22–0.71) | 0.85 (0.53–1.29) | 0.27 (0.17–0.42) | |
| Libya | 37.42 (22.34–58.03) | 35.08 (21.10–54.43) | 0.54 (0.29–0.96) | 0.81 (0.50–1.23) | 0.20 (0.12–0.32) | |
| Jordan | 28.7 (17.1–43.91) | 50.76 (30.38–77.26) | 0.5 (0.27–0.91) | 0.54 (0.34–0.82) | 0.08 (0.05–0.12) | |
| Middle SDI | Egypt | 35.2 (20.41–56.82) | 25.52 (13.90–42.37) | 0.6 (0.33–1.04) | 0.87 (0.50–1.46) | 0.26 (0.14–0.43) |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 50.19 (30.52–74.8) | 10.11 (6.05–15.78) | 0.87 (0.53–1.37) | 2.08 (1.26–3.24) | 0.21 (0.13–0.33) | |
| Iraq | 40.67 (24.15–62.94) | 22.49 (13.2–35.04) | 0.58 (0.32–0.97) | 1.42 (0.83–2.15) | 0.07 (0.04–0.10) | |
| Tunisia | 32.88 (19.71–50.45) | 34.18 (20.69–52.82) | 0.44 (0.24–0.77) | 0.91 (0.57–1.37) | 0.17 (0.11–0.27) | |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 34.8 (21.44–53.63) | 36.58 (21.61–55.76) | 0.42 (0.24–0.69) | 1.60 (1–2.50) | 0.21 (0.13–0.32) | |
| Low-middle SDI | Sudan | 31.42 (18.87–48.52) | 32.71 (19.27–50.25) | 0.43 (0.23–0.75) | 1.26 (0.75–1.91) | 0.20 (0.12–0.31) |
| Morocco | 30.97 (18.54–47.75) | 32.1 (18.84–49.42) | 0.5 (0.27–0.86) | 1.26 (0.76–1.93) | 0.21 (0.13–0.33) | |
| Palestine | 33.54 (20.06–51.06) | 30.34 (18.07–46.36) | 0.41 (0.21–0.74) | 0.67 (0.41–1.02) | 0.11 (0.07–0.17) | |
| Djibouti | 17.8 (9.82–29.63) | 28.64 (15.73–45.17) | 0.18 (0.10–0.31) | 0.24 (0.13–0.40) | 0.17 (0.10–0.28) | |
| Low SDI | Pakistan | 14.2 (8.34–22.02) | 12.2 (6.96–19.67) | 0.19 (0.11–0.32) | 3.45 (2.09–5.15) | 0.06 (0.04–0.10) |
| Afghanistan | 22.35 (13.47–34.14) | 31.94 (19.28–49.49) | 0.39 (0.21–0.69) | 1.39 (0.84–2.15) | 0.15 (0.09–0.23) | |
| Yemen | 27.3 (16.43–42.52) | 33.75 (20.02–51.07) | 0.41 (0.22–0.71) | 1.34 (0.83–2) | 0.15 (0.09–0.23) | |
| Somalia | 13.29 (7.42–21.81) | 22.15 (11.85–35.62) | 0.1 (0.06–0.17) | 0.21 (0.11–0.35) | 0.28 (0.15–0.44) | |
YLD, years lived with disability; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; SDI, Socio-demographic Index.