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. 2022 Dec 30;12:22613. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-26495-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Differentially expressed genes. (a) Histogram of GSE96804 data set sample expression value, purple represents DKD samples, dark blue represents normal kidney tissue samples (Control). (b) Histogram of GSE96804 data set sample expression value after normalized by limma packets, purple represents DKD samples, dark blue represents normal kidney tissue samples (Control). (c) Principal component analysis, red represents DKD samples and light green represents normal kidney tissue samples (Control). (d) Volcano map of DEGs. The horizontal axis is logFC and the vertical axis is −log10(adj. p). The dotted lines in the figure represent |logFC|> 0.5 and adj. p < 0.01 respectively. Red represents up-regulated genes, blue represents down-regulated genes, and the top five genes’ tags are displayed in adj. p arrangement. (e) Heat map shows the difference of pathway enrichment between the two groups by GSVA, and the top 10 are selected by adj. p arrangement for visualization. (f) Heat map of the DEGs. Purple represents DKD samples, dark blue represents normal kidney tissue samples (Control), and the top 20 genes are visualized by adj. p arrangement. (adj. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant).