Table 1.

Clinical manifestations of superficial GAS infections

Disease	Clinical Manifestationsa
Pharyngitis	•sudden-onset fever (>38.3° C) accompanying a sore throat •inflammation of the pharynx and tonsils •patchy exudates and cervical lymph node adenopathy •other symptoms - malaise, fever, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting
Scarlet Fever	•accompanied by exudative GAS pharyngitis (first to appear) •12-48 hours later develops deep red, finely papular, erythematous rash (sandpaper-like feeling) •Rash appears first on chest and stomach, rapidly spreading to other body parts •strawberry tongue •peeling skin on the fingertips, toes, and groin area, as the rash fades
Impetigo	•pustules that gradually enlarge and rupture, forming thick, honey-coloured scabs

^aPatient can be evaluated using the FeverPAIN score (available at https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/3316/feverpain-score-strep-pharyngitis) or Centor score (available at https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/104/centor-score-modified-mcisaac-strep-pharyngitis).