Fig. 5.

Circulating cytokine levels and transcriptomic insight into the combined effects of PM and noise exposure. Heatmap of cytokine profiles identified (A). Heatmap colours indicate scaled cytokine data for the defined conditions (branching of the cluster dendrogram). The intensities were z-scored and are displayed as colours ranging from green to red as shown in the key (n = 3). The most enriched KEGG pathways identified by functional enrichment analysis from an increased cluster with the effect of PM as well as the combined effect of PM + Noise in lung tissue (B, n = 5) and effect of Noise and the combined effect of PM + Noise in the brain (C, n = 5). The overviews of changes in the KEGG pathways are based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses as described in the online supplement. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for KEGG analysis. Full detail heat maps and the PPI network analyses of RNA sequencing data are presented in suppl. Figs. S9-S14. Images in B and C were created with BioRender.com. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)