TABLE 2.
Clinical characteristics and histological readouts of patients undergoing transjugular liver biopsy and comparison to patients without biopsy
| Parameter | Patients with biopsy (n = 34) | Patients without biopsy (n = 181) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60 (45–64) | 59 (51–68) | .542 |
| Sex (M, %) | 21 (62) | 123 (68) | .481 |
| Aetiology (n, %) | |||
| ALD | 14 (41) | 83 (46) | .068 |
| Viral | 2 (6) | 36 (20) | |
| ALD + Viral | 1 (3) | 13 (7) | |
| NASH | 6 (18) | 17 (9) | |
| Cholestatic | 1 (3) | 7 (4) | |
| Other | 10 (29) | 25 (14) | |
| cACLD (n, %) | 14 (41) | 79 (44) | .790 |
| CTP score (points) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (5–7) | .659 |
| MELD score (points) | 10 (8–13) | 11 (9–14) | .888 |
| CSPH (n, %) | 33 (97) | 155 (86) | .088 |
| HVPG (mm Hg) | 17 (13–19) | 18 (12–21) | .711 |
| BMI | 27.8 (23.2–31.6) | 26.5 (23.7–30.6) | .439 |
| WBC (G/L) | 4.04 (2.74–5.96) | 4.74 (3.38–6.21) | .145 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 0.26 (0.10–0.53) | 0.25 (0.11–0.54) | .837 |
| IL‐6 (pg/ml) | 5.65 (3.47–9.79) | 7.29 (4.76–12.6) | .138 |
| PCT (ng/ml) | 0.07 (0.05–0.11) | 0.08 (0.05–0.13) | .632 |
| LBP (μg/ml) | 6.61 (4.78–9.52) | 6.91 (5.43–8.37) | .892 |
| ELF score | 10.9 (10.0–12.0) | 11.3 (10.4–12.3) | .247 |
| PRO‐C3 (ng/ml) | 14.0 (10.1–18.6) | 17.2 (11.8–26.0) | .115 |
| PRO‐C6 (ng/ml) | 12.2 (9.19–16.6) | 14.3 (10.8–19.5) | .065 |
| TIMP1 (ng/ml) | 268 (196–438) | 328 (252–434) | .049 |
| C3M (ng/ml) | 13.2 (11.2–19.0) | 13.6 (11.2–18.0) | .892 |
| Total liver tissue area (μm2) | 68.55 × 106 (18.46 × 106–18.99 × 07) | — | — |
| α‐SMA proportionate area (%) | 11.2 (6.73–24.62) | — | — |
Note: Statistical Analysis: Student's t test or Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare continuous variables. Group comparisons of categorical variables were performed using Chi squared or Fisher's exact test.
Abbreviations: ALD, alcohol‐related liver disease; BMI, body‐mass index; C3M, neo‐epitope of MMP‐9 mediated degradation of type III collagen; cACLD, compensated advanced chronic liver disease; CRP, C‐reactive protein; CSPH, clinically significant portal hypertension; CTP, Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh; ELF, enhanced liver fibrosis; HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient; IL‐6, interleukin‐6; LBP, lipopolysaccharide binding protein; M, male sex; MELD, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease; NASH, non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis; PCT, procalcitonin; PRO‐C3, released N‐terminal pro‐peptide of type III collagen; PRO‐C6, C‐terminal of released C5 domain of type VI collagen α3 chain; TIMP1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐1; WBC, white blood cell.