TABLE 3.
Clinical parameters around the implants that reached the 20‐year examination
| Mean difference (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 years | 20 years | Intra‐group p‐value | 20–10 years | |
| Deepest PD (mm) | ||||
| Overall | 4.6 ± 1.3 | 4.3 ± 1.4 | .03 | −0.3 ± 1.3 |
| PHP | 4.4 ± 1.2A | 4 ± 1.3A | .11 | −0.4 ± 1.4 |
| mPCP | 4.6 ± 1.4B,C | 4.3 ± 1.4B,C | .35 | −0.2 ± 1.3 |
| sPCP | 4.7 ± 1.4C | 4.4 ± 1.4C | .28 | −0.3 ± 1.3 |
| Intergroup p‐value | <.01 | <.01 | .78 | |
| BOP at implant site (%) | ||||
| Overall | 34.3 ± 29.4 | 28.9 ± 26.4 | .02 | −4.7 ± 29.8 |
| PHP | 33.3 ± 27 | 25 ± 22.1 | .18 | −8.3 ± 29.2 |
| mPCP | 34.7 ± 31.2 | 29.9 ± 28.4 | .44 | −4.8 ± 27.9 |
| sPCP | 34.5 ± 29.4 | 30.2 ± 27.0 | .48 | −4.3 ± 32.3 |
| Intergroup p‐value | .68 | .73 | .83 | |
| Pl at the implant site (%) | ||||
| Overall | 29.1 ± 28.9 | 24.8 ± 28.3 | .16 | ‐ |
| PHP | 20.5 ± 21.4A | 16.9 ± 19.6 | .49 | −3.6 ± 31.2 |
| mPCP | 36.4 ± 34.5B,C | 29.0 ± 29.7 | .30 | −7.4 ± 26.7 |
| sPCP | 27.8 ± 26.2C | 25.8 ± 30.5 | .36 | −2.1 ± 31.8 |
| Intergroup p‐value | .04 | .41 | .83 | |
| Pus at the implant site (%) | ||||
| Overall | 12 (7.1%) | 2 (1.3%) | .11 | ‐ |
| PHP | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ‐ | ‐ |
| mPCP | 6 (10.2%) | 2 (3.6%) | .14 | ‐ |
| sPCP | 6 (8.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | <.01 | ‐ |
| Intergroup p‐value | .11 | .17 | ‐ | |
Note: Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, categorical variables are expressed as number of observations (percentage). The level of significance was set at 5%. For each column, values sharing the same superscript upper‐case letter are not different at the 5% level. One‐way ANOVA test with post hoc Bonferroni correction (Kruskal–Wallis with post hoc Dunn test for non‐normal data) was used for inter‐group comparisons. Intra‐group comparisons between the 10‐ and 20‐year follow‐up were performed using the paired Student's t‐test (Wilcoxon's signed‐rank test for non‐normal data) for continuous variables. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi‐square test for independent samples (Cochran's Q for paired data). Italic values show p < .05.
Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; BOP, bleeding on probing; mPCP, moderate periodontally compromised patients; PD, probing depth; PHP, periodontally healthy patients; PI, plaque; sPCP, severe periodontally compromised patients.