FIGURE 3.

Diagrammatic representation of the “foreign body equilibrium” disturbance theory of peri‐implant bone loss. In this concept, the osseointegrated implant is considered “encapsulated in bone,” thus representing a chronic inflammatory state characterized by the presence of “foreign body giant cells” (FBGCs). In response to a variety of external stimuli, these foreign body giant cells are activated and are responsible for the peri‐implant bone loss. L: lymphocyte; Ost: osteocyte. (Diagram adapted from ref. [32])