TABLE 4.
Common behavior change models, theories, or approaches
| Theory/model/approach | Definition/key concepts |
|---|---|
|
Prochaska’s stages of change |
The model postulates that in the process of intentional behavior change, individuals go through 6 stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination |
| CBT 60 | CBT is based on the idea that thoughts, emotions, and behavior interact together. It is an intervention that helps individuals understand the thoughts and feelings that influence behaviors |
| HAPA 40 | A model that suggests that the adoption and maintenance of a behavior is a structured process involving a motivation phase (intention formation), and a volition phase (initiative, maintenance, and recovery), and emphasizes the role of perceived self‐efficacy at different stages of behavior change |
| MI 61 , 62 | A client‐centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence. The main elements of MI are a collaboration between the patient and clinician, evocation (eliciting the motivation from within the patient, and autonomy (allowing the patient freedom to make their own choices) |
| COM‐B model 63 , 64 | A model of behavior and behavior change that recognizes that a change must occur in “capability” to perform the behavior and “opportunity” and ‘motivation’ to carry out a change in behavior |
Abbreviations: CBT, cognitive behavioral therapy; COM‐B, capability, opportunity and motivation model of behavior; HAPA, health action process approach; MI, motivational interviewing.