TABLE 4.

Results of the binary logistic regression analyses for the dichotomous outcome parameter “self‐perceived overall health of teeth and gums”; an odds ratio (OR) >1 indicates higher odds for perceiving the overall health of teeth and gums as fair or poor

Parameter	OR	95% CI		p‐Value
		Lower	Upper
Base model
Patient group
Control	Ref.
Ulcerative colitis	2.348	1.936	2.849	<.001
Crohn's disease	3.210	2.640	3.902	<.001
Age
Per unit (year)	0.998	0.993	1.003	.390
Gender
Male	Ref.
Female	0.980	0.828	1.164	.818
Smoking
Never	Ref.
Former	1.449	1.237	1.699	<.001
Current	2.799	2.310	3.392	<.001
Final model
Patient group
Control	Ref.
Ulcerative colitis	2.147	1.726	2.670	<.001
Crohn's disease	2.736	2.195	3.412	<.001
PESS
<5	Ref.
≥5	18.856	15.087	23.566	<.001
Age
Per unit (year)	0.950	0.943	0.957	<.001
Gender
Male	Ref.
Female	1.020	0.844	1.233	.836
Smoking
Never	Ref.
Former	1.233	1.030	1.476	.022
Current	1.072	0.854	1.346	.548

Note: Age, gender, and smoking status were defined as a priori confounders. Bold values indicate significance.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PESS, periodontal screening score.