TABLE 2.
Attitudes towards artificial intelligence
| Question number and statement | Ranked score, mean (SD) | % (n/N) selected each category | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
| AI and Clinicians: In the future, I see myself using AI … | ||||||
| 3.16 If such automated processes surpass human clinician involvement in clinical decision‐making | 3.7 (1.0) | 3.0 (4/133) | 9.8 (13/133) | 20.3 (27/133) | 51.1 (68/133) | 15.8 (21/133) |
| 3.17 As its increased use to aid the diagnosis of retinal disease excites me | 3.9 (0.8) | 0.8 (1/133) | 3.0 (4/133) | 24.8 (33/133) | 48.9 (65/133) | 22.6 (30/133) |
| 3.18 If increased dependence on AI will not result in a relative neglect of my clinical skills | 3.0 (1.0) | 6.8 (9/133) | 24.8 (33/133) | 40.6 (54/133) | 21.1 (28/133) | 6.8 (9/133) |
| AI and Patients: For me to use AI in the future, it is necessary to … | ||||||
| 3.19 Inform patients about its use | 3.4 (0.9) | 0.8 (1/133) | 15.8 (21/133) | 35.3 (47/133) | 39.1 (52/133) | 9.0 (12/133) |
| 3.20 Inform patients of all AI‐derived results related to their care | 3.3 (0.9) | 2.3 (3/133) | 18.0 (24/133) | 36.8 (49/133) | 36.8 (49/133) | 6.0 (8/133) |
| AI and Conformity: In the future, I see myself using AI if … | ||||||
| 3.21 My peers advise me to do so | 3.4 (0.8) | 3.0 (4/133) | 9.0 (12/133) | 33.8 (45/133) | 50.4 (67/133) | 3.8 (5/133) |
| 3.22 Most of my peers are using it | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.0 (4/133) | 8.3 (11/133) | 24.8 (33/133) | 57.1 (76/133) | 6.8 (9/133) |
| 3.23 My patient requests that I do | 3.4 (0.9) | 3.0 (4/133) | 10.5 (14/133) | 33.8 (45/133) | 46.6 (62/133) | 6.0 (8/133) |
| AI Responsibilities | ||||||
| 3.24 In the future, I see myself using AI if clinicians bear sole medicolegal responsibility for the patient diagnosis. (Note: at the other end of the scale, developers of the AI bear sole medicolegal responsibility for the patient diagnosis) | 3.1 (1.0) | 5.3 (7/133) | 23.3 (31/133) | 35.3 (47/133) | 31.6 (42/133) | 4.5 (6/133) |
Note: Reported extent to which respondents agreed or disagreed with statements concerning the relationship between artificial intelligence, clinicians and patients, the use of artificial intelligence due to conformity, and associated medicolegal responsibilities. Allowable responses were as follows: strongly disagree (score 1), disagree (score 2), neither agree nor disagree (score 3), agree (score 4) and strongly agree (score 5).
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; AI, artificial intelligence.