Table 1.
Baseline data of the participants (N = 317)
| Characteristic | Total (n = 317) | FS ≧3 (n = 175) | FSQ ≧3 (n = 149) | CFS ≧5 (n = 220) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 83.0 (13.0) | 83.0 (9.0) | 84.0 (9.0) | 84.0 (9.0) |
| Male, n (%) | 159 (50.2) | 78 (44.6) | 58 (38.9) | 96 (43.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 22.9 (6.5) | 21.8 (6.7) | 22.0 (6.9) | 22.0 (6.5) |
| Never smoking, n (%) | 180 (56.8) | 98 (56.0) | 90 (60.4) | 90 (40.9) |
| Chronic diseases, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 204 (64.4) | 116 (66.3) | 98 (65.8) | 140 (63.6) |
| Diabetes | 118 (37.2) | 74 (42.3) | 54 (36.2) | 82 (37.3) |
| Coronary heart disease | 142 (44.8) | 96 (54.9) | 79 (53.0) | 105 (47.7) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 113 (35.6) | 72 (41.1) | 58 (38.9) | 82 (37.3) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 29 (9.1) | 21 (12.0) | 14 (9.4) | 23 (10.5) |
| Stroke | 64 (20.2) | 37 (21.1) | 33 (22.1) | 48 (21.8) |
| COPD | 61 (19.2) | 43 (24.6) | 36 (24.2) | 54 (24.5) |
| Diagnosis on admission, n (%) | ||||
| Pneumonia | 146 (46.1) | 100 (57.1) | 85 (57.0) | 118 (53.6) |
| Cerebral ischemic stroke | 44 (13.9) | 12 (6.9) | 6 (4.0) | 18 (8.2) |
| AECOPD | 48 (15.1) | 36 (20.6) | 31 (20.8) | 44 (20.0) |
| Heart failure | 49 (15.5) | 41 (23.4) | 28 (18.8) | 42 (19.1) |
| ACS | 24 (7.6) | 16 (9.1) | 12 (8.1) | 18 (8.2) |
| Anemia | 138 (43.5) | 95 (54.3) | 82 (55.0) | 111 (50.5) |
| NRS2002 score, median (IQR) | 4 (3) | 5 (4) | 5 (4) | 4 (5) |
| Barthel index, n (%) | ||||
| 61–100 | 167 (52.7) | 59 (33.7) | 47 (31.5) | 73 (33.2) |
| 41–60 | 62 (19.6) | 39 (22.3) | 33 (22.1) | 59 (26.8) |
| ≤40 | 88 (27.7) | 77 (44.0) | 69 (46.4) | 88 (40.0) |
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; AECOPD, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; CFS, clinical frailty scale; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FS, FRAIL scale; FSQ, frailty screening questionnaire; IQR, interquartile range; NRS, nutritional risk screening.