Table 4.
Specific food item factors to thinness among Urban school-attending adolescents in Addis Ababa ,2019 Ethiopia, (n = 1200)
| Specific food item frequency of consumption by adolescents | Thinness | Crude IRR (95% CI) |
Adjusted IRR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Thin | |||
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 501 | 68 | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 446 | 84 | 1.387 (0.98, 1.957) | 1.45 (1.06,1.99) ** |
| Grade | ||||
| Garde 5 | 250 | 32 | 1 | 1 |
| Grade 6 | 228 | 47 | 1.61 (0.993,2.612) | 1.80 (1.03, 3.15) ** |
| Garde 7 | 243 | 30 | 0.965 (0.569,1.636) | 1.09 (0.70,1.69) |
| Grade 8 | 226 | 43 | 1.486 (0.909,2.43) | 1.56 (0.94,2.61) |
| Fathers’/male guardian educational status | ||||
| No schooling | 178 | 27 | 1 | 1 |
| Primary | 336 | 63 | 1.236 (0.76,2.01) | 1.19 (0.73,1.97) |
| Secondary | 206 | 26 | 0.832 (0.468,1.478) | 0.76 (0.42,1.38) |
| Technical and University | 48 | 11 | 1.511 (0.6993.263) | 1.49 (0.738,3.03) |
| Deep orange vegetables | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 675 | 102 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 261 | 46 | 1.16 (0.91,1.49) | 1.05 (0.72,1.52) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 11 | 4 | 2.41 (0.79,7.36) | 1.81 (0.63,5.18) |
| Deep orange tubers | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 899 | 139 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 44 | 9 | 1.32 (0.53,3.31) | 1.14 (0.38,3.43) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 4 | 4 | 6.46 (1.57,26.55) | 6.05 (0.52,70.78) |
| Citrus fruits | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 740 | 131 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 189 | 17 | 0.51 (0.29,0.87) | 0.52 (0.26,0.99)** |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 18 | 4 | 1.25 (0.60,2.61) | 1.63 (0.64,4.16) |
| Low fat dairy | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 752 | 107 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 158 | 35 | 1.56 (1.08,2.24) | 1.66 (1.07,2.58)** |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 37 | 10 | 1.89 (0.91,3.97) | 1.85 (0.76,4.49) |
| Egg | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 757 | 120 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 181 | 28 | 0.97 (0.67,1.42) | 0.84 (0.48,1.48) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 9 | 4 | 2.80 (1.14,6.91) | 2.25 (0.65,7.71) |
| White roots and tubers | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 22 | 10 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 347 | 68 | 0.43 (0.20,0.91) | 0.44 (0.15,1.30) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 578 | 74 | 0.28 (0.13,0.59) | 0.28 (0.09,0.83)** |
| Refined grains and baked goods | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 563 | 103 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 294 | 34 | 0.63 (0.41,0.97) | 0.69 (0.45,1.05) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 90 | 15 | 0.91 (0.44,1.86) | 0.98 (0.44,2.18) |
| High fat dairy | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 743 | 107 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 172 | 37 | 1.49 (1.03,2.16) | 0.99 (0.61,1.63) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 32 | 8 | 1.74 (0.65,4.62) | 1.09 (0.34,3.55) |
| Fried foods eaten away from home | ||||
| Never or 1/wk | 35 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–4/wk | 242 | 29 | 1.39 (0.41,4.73) | 0.95 (0.27,3.33) |
| 5–7/wk or > 1/day | 670 | 120 | 2.09 (0.68,6.43) | 1.79 (0.56,5.72) |
NB: ***= p < .001, **= p < .01, * =p < .05