Table 3.
Glycemic Variability in the 2nd Trimester in Pregnant Women with and without GDM (n=53)
| CGM Parameters (n=53) | GDM (n=9) Adjusted Median (IQR) | Non-GDM (n=44) Adjusted Median (IQR) | Adjusted p* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Second trimester | |||
| Gestational age at CGM application (weeks), mean ± SD | 20.6±1.2 | 20.5±0.90 | 0.99 |
| Mean glucose (mmol/L) | 4.88 (4.8–5.1) | 4.09 (4.0–4.2) | 0.02 |
| J-Index | 13.5 (12.9–14.7) | 8.50 (8.1–9.2) | 0.007 |
| MAGE (mmol/L) | 3.32 (3.3–3.4) | 2.42 (2.4–2.5) | <0.001 |
| SD (mmol/L) | 1.35 (1.3–1.4) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.003 |
| CV (%), adjusted mean ± SD | 27.5±2.4 | 24.4±1.7 | 0.13 |
| TIR (%), adjusted mean ± SD | 72.3±2.1 | 68.7±1.5 | 0.74 |
| TBR (%), adjusted mean ± SD | 19.8±4.4 | 30.5±3.2 | 0.35 |
| TAR (%) | 7.42 (6.4–9.4) | 0.33 (−0.03–1.7) | 0.07 |
Notes: Data was expressed as adjusted median (interquartile range) unless otherwise stated. The p value significance level is set at p<0.003. *p values were adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and ethnicity.
Abbreviations: GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; %CV, coefficient of variation; SD, standard deviation; MAGE, Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions; GA, gestational age; %TAR, percentage of time above target range; %TIR, percentage of time in range; %TBR, percentage of time below target range.