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. 2022 Dec 29;7(12):e010294. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010294

Table 1.

Overview of the included reports disaggregated by type(s) of outcome(s) reported

Author, reference, year Country Study type Intervention Cases NOS
Incidence Max 2+3
 Yang, 201948 China Cohort Unclear 262 2+0
Incidence and neonatal mortality Max 2+3/2+3
 Horn, 201347 South Africa Retrospective observational Unclear 110 * 2+1/1+1
 Moshiro, 201939 Tanzania Prospective observational NT 146 0+1/0+2
 Niaz, 202150 Pakistan Prospective observational Unclear 122† 1+1/0+2
Incidence, neonatal mortality and developmental outcome Max 2+3/2+3+3
 Lally, 201438 India Prospective observational TH in 31% 54 0+2/0+2+2
Neonatal mortality Max 2+3
 Aly, 201572 Egypt RCT TH+Melatonin Vs. TH 30 0+3
 Bharadwaj, 201273 India RCT TH vs NT 130 0+2
 Biselele, 201337 Congo DR Prospective observational NT 44 0+2
 Biselele, 202074 Congo Dr Pilot/case-series 2-Iminobiotin 7 0+2
 Biselele, 201845 Congo Dr Prospective observational NT 57 1+2
 Biselele, 201457 Congo Dr Prospective observational NT 19 0+1
 Bozkurt, 202175 Turkey Retrospective observational TH 166 0+1
 El Shimi, 201451 Egypt RCT EPO vs TH vs NT 30 0+2
 Enweronu‐Laryea, 201954 Ghana Cohort Passive TH 13 1+1
 Hassanein, 201755 Egypt Case-Control Unclear 20 0+1
 Horn, 201052 South Africa Case Series TH 5 0+2
 Horn, 201276 South Africa Case Series TH 14 0+2
 Kinoshita, 202177 Brazil Retrospective observational TH (FGP) 71 0+1
 Martínez-Hernández, 202078 Mexico Before-After Study EPO+TH (WBC vs SHC) 12 0+1
 Oliveira, 201879 India Prospective observational TH 82 0+2
 Surmeli Onay, 202180 Turkey Before-After Study TH vs TH+Aminophylline 34 0+0
 Prashantha, 201981 India Before-After Study TH (PCM vs FGP) 62 0+1
 Shabeer,‡§ 201782 India Before-After Study TH (PCM vs FGP) 68 0+1
 Shrestha, 202083 Nepal Prospective observational NT 20¶ 0+1
 Tanigasalam, 201656 India RCT TH (FGP) vs NT 120 0+2
 Thomas,** 201884 India Prospective observational TH (PCM) 103 0+1
 Umran, 201640 Iraq Case- Control NT 29 0+1
 Variane, 201785 Brazil Prospective observational TH 17 0+0
 Yang and Li, 202086 China RCT TH (48 hours) vs TH (72 hours) vs NT 92 0+2
Neonatal mortality and developmental outcome MAX 2+3+3
 Aker,‡ 202187 India RCT TH (PCM) vs NT 49 0+3+3
 Catherine,**†† 202188 India RCT TH (PCM) vs NT 158 0+1+3
 Catherine,**†† 202089 India RCT TH (PCM) vs NT 158 0+1+3
 Celik,‡‡ 201553 Turkey RCT TH SHC vs WBC 7 0+2+3
 Celik,‡‡ 201690 Turkey RCT TH SHC vs WBC 29 0+2+3
 Das, 201791 India RCT TH (FGP) vs NT 60 0+3+3
 Gucuyener, 201260 Turkey Case Series TH 10 0+3+2
 Jia, 201841 China Non-random trial TH early vs TH late vs NT 152 0+2+2
 Khuwuthyakorn, 202192 Thailand Observational TH 23 0+1+3
 Malla, 201759 India RCT EPO vs NT 100 1+3+3
 Maoulainine, 201749 Morocco Non-random comparison TH 50%, NT 50% 38 1+1+1
 Perez, 201893 Brazil Cohort TH (LFU) 53 0+1+3
 Procianoy, 202094 Brazil Prospective observational TH 72 0+2+3
 Sun, 201244 China RCT TH vs NT 51 1+3+3
 Thayyil, 202146 3 Countries RCT TH vs NT 408 1+1+2
 Valera, 201595 Argentina Observational TH 27 0+3+3
 Zhou,§ 201042 China RCT TH vs NT 194 1+1+2
 Zhu, 200996 China RCT EPO vs NT 167 1+2+2
 Zou,§ 201943 China RCT TH vs NT 99 1+2+3
Developmental outcome MAX 2+3
 Ballot, 202058 South Africa Cohort TH in 58% 99 0+2
 Charki, 202097 India Non-Random Comparison TH vs NT 210 0+1
 Koshy,§ 201198 India Prospective observational TH 20 0+2
 Mbatha, 202199 South Africa Retrospective observational TH in 73% 155 0+2
 Weng, 2021100 China Before-After TH vs NT 61 0+3

NOS = Newcastle-Ottawa Scale of bias evaluation consisting of two questions related to selection of cohort and three questions related to reporting of outcome (see online supplemental table 3).

*Included several definitions of hypoxia-ischaemia and NE. N=110 = widest definition available.

†Recruited 45 children with gestational age 34+0…36+6 that were excluded from the neonatal mortality analysis.

‡Potential partial overlap between Shabeer et al82 and Aker et al87.

§Koshy 2011 presents follow-up data for some of the children that were potentially included by Shabeer et al82.

¶Recruited 84 children with Apgar <7 at 5 min. Out of those, 20 fulfilled the inclusion criteria of pH<7.05 and only those were included.

**Potential partial overlap between Thomas et al84 and Catherine et al89 and Catherine et al88

††Same patients in both reports by Catherine, but different outcomes are reported.

‡‡Mostly same patients in both reports by Celik. Only cases with grade I were included from Çelik et al53 as the outcomes of grade II–III cases were reported in Celik et al90 that includes five additional children.

EPO, erythropoietin; FGP, frozen gel packs; LFU, laminar flow unit; NT, standard care with normothermia; PCM, phase-changing material; RCT, randomized-controlled trial; SHC, selective head cooling; TH, therapeutic hypothermia; WBC, whole body cooling.