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. 2023 Jan 2;11:3. doi: 10.1038/s41413-022-00243-8

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Expression analysis of Oln in OA cartilage. a Immunostaining of human OLN in the articular cartilage of control and OA patients. DAPI staining indicates the nucleus. Scale bars: 100 μm. b qPCR analysis of OLN mRNA levels in the articular cartilage of OA patients. Cartilage samples were separated into normal and lesioned regions based on their morphology (n = 8 samples per group). c Western blot analysis of OLN protein levels in the articular cartilage from OA patients (n = 3 samples per group). d Immunostaining of mouse Oln in the knee joints of sham and DMM-treated mice. Sham or DMM surgery was performed in 8-week-old wild-type mice, which were analyzed 8 weeks later (F: Femur; T: Tibia). DAPI staining indicates the nucleus. Scale bars: 100 μm. The statistical significance was assessed using two-tailed Student’s unpaired t tests. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (*P < 0.05)