. 2022 Dec 10;20(11):931–940. doi: 10.18502/ijrm.v20i11.12360

Table 2.

Dietary intakes of participants across the tertiles of HEI scores


Variable		HEI
		T1 (n = 90)	T2 (n = 88)	T3 (n = 76)	P-value
Nutrient items
	Energy (kcal/d)	2437.77 $\pm$ 74.68	2410.33 $\pm$ 78.55	2410.33 $\pm$ 64.95	0.003
	Carbohydrate (g/d)	342.24 $\pm$ 11.15	344.51 $\pm$ 11.03	402.68 $\pm$ 11.02	0.02
	Protein (g/d)	91.03 $\pm$ 2.86	87.52 $\pm$ 2.56	106.62 $\pm$ 3.06	0.001
	Fat (g/d)	86.31 $\pm$ 5.32	84.98 $\pm$ 4.62	90.33 $\pm$ 3.70	0.002
	Dietary fiber (g/d)	36.90 $\pm$ 1.85	39.06 $\pm$ 1.44	46.88 $\pm$ 1.93	0.01
	SFA (g/d)	28.89 $\pm$ 1.19	26.22 $\pm$ 1.34	28.02 $\pm$ 1.13	$<$ 0.001
	MUFA (g/d)	27.73 $\pm$ 1.13	28.15 $\pm$ 1.65	29.63 $\pm$ 1.33	0.02
	PUFA (g/d)	15.53 $\pm$ 0.68	17.21 $\pm$ 1.05	18.38 $\pm$ 0.92	0.08
	Cholesterol (mg/d)	328.68 $\pm$ 23.25	280.17 $\pm$ 20.25	340.71 $\pm$ 23.53	0.25
	Vitamin A (RAE/d)	792.16 $\pm$ 44.36	738.21 $\pm$ 37.65	904.43 $\pm$ 50.12	0.40
	Vitamin E (mg/d)	12.70 $\pm$ 0.56	13.82 $\pm$ 0.88	14.24 $\pm$ 0.67	0.14
	Vitamin B₆ (mg/d)	2.07 $\pm$ 0.06	2.03 $\pm$ 0.05	2.51 $\pm$ 0.06	$<$ 0.001
	Vitamin B₉ (µg/d)	533.74 $\pm$ 16.06	527.14 $\pm$ 12.49	616.48 $\pm$ 17.93	0.02
	Vitamin B₁₂ (µg/d)	6.23 $\pm$ 0.37	5.60 $\pm$ 0.33	6.60 $\pm$ 0.36	0.44
	Vitamin C (mg/d)	210.65 $\pm$ 13.01	229.92 $\pm$ 12.06	295.61 $\pm$ 14.98	0.003
	Calcium (mg/d)	1166.07 $\pm$ 48.01	1144.88 $\pm$ 40.76	1359.83 $\pm$ 47.63	0.24
	Magnesium (mg/d)	423.41 $\pm$ 15.79	416.59 $\pm$ 13.05	528.67 $\pm$ 14.77	$<$ 0.001
	Selenium (mg/d)	113.35 $\pm$ 5.50	106.30 $\pm$ 3.41	129.87 $\pm$ 5.42	0.18
	Zinc (mg/d)	13.95 $\pm$ 0.48	12.95 $\pm$ 0.44	16.15 $\pm$ 0.51	0.003
	Iron (mg/d)	17.01 $\pm$ 0.60	16.77 $\pm$ 0.50	20.09 $\pm$ 0.60	0.02
Foods items (g/d)
	Whole grains	29.98 $\pm$ 3.55	59.49 $\pm$ 8.78	96.01 $\pm$ 10.25	$<$ 0.001
	Refined grains	335.09 $\pm$ 15.63	292.66 $\pm$ 11.21	259.88 $\pm$ 15.96	0.001
	Total fruits	454.40 $\pm$ 21.04	563.07 $\pm$ 41.08	595.27 $\pm$ 21.94	0.002
	Total vegetables	411.73 $\pm$ 20.43	416.15 $\pm$ 17.91	503.20 $\pm$ 20.59	0.001
	Legumes	28.41 $\pm$ 2.12	34.46 $\pm$ 1.91	36.87 $\pm$ 2.56	0.01
	Nuts	14.88 $\pm$ 1.34	16.37 $\pm$ 1.52	22.05 $\pm$ 2.64	0.01
	Dairy	428.71 $\pm$ 25.41	464.22 $\pm$ 20.95	501.74 $\pm$ 26.22	0.10
	Total protein foods	169.31 $\pm$ 6.86	172.75 $\pm$ 7.02	198.17 $\pm$ 8.86	0.01
	Added sugars	124.27 $\pm$ 10.47	93.54 $\pm$ 5.91	52.82 $\pm$ 4.57	$<$ 0.001
Data presented as Mean $\pm$ SE. ANOVA test. HEI: Healthy eating index, T1: First tertile, T2: Second tertile, T3: Third tertile, SFA: Saturated fatty acid, MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acid, PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid