Table 1.
Studies related to PSM duration for acclimation to intermittent abiotic stress
| Stress species |
Duration of primed statea | Output | Associated molecular components | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat | ||||
| Arabidopsis thaliana | 3 d | AT | HSA32, HSFA2, ROF1 (FKBP62), HSP101, miR156s, HSP21, FtsH6, BRU1, HLP1, JMJs | Charng et al. (2006, 2007); Meiri and Breiman (2009); Wu et al. (2013); Stief et al. (2014); Sedaghatmehr et al. (2016); Brzezinka et al. (2016); Sharma et al. (2019); Yamaguchi et al. (2021) |
| 3 d | HSA32:Hsa32-LUCIFERASE reporter activity and AT | FGT1, FGT2, and FGT3 (HSFA3) | Brzezinka et al. (2019); Urrea Castellanos et al. (2020); Friedrich et al. (2021) | |
| 6 d | TM | HSFA2 | Liu et al. (2018) | |
| 5 min | Calcium concentration | Lenzoni and Knight (2019) | ||
| Oryza sativa | 2 d | AT | HSA32 and HSP101 | Lin et al. (2014) |
| Cold/freezing | ||||
| Arabidopsis thaliana |
8–24 h 3–7 d |
TM of CBFs AT |
tAPX, AOS, and OPR3 | |
| Brachypodium distachyon | 9 d | TM | Mayer and Charron (2021) | |
| Cucumis sativus | 2 d | AT | RBOH | Di et al. (2022) |
| Dehydration/drought | ||||
| Arabidopsis thaliana | 5 d | TM | MYC2, SnRK2.2, SnRK2.3, SnRK2.6, DDE2/AOS, and COI1 | Ding et al. (2012, 2014); Liu et al. (2014); Virlouvet et al. (2014); Virlouvet and Fromm (2015); Liu et al. (2016) |
| Alopecurus pratensis | 3 weeks | AT | POX and SOD | Lukić et al. (2020) |
| Boea hygrometrica | 13 weeks | AT and TM | DNA methylation | Sun et al. (2021) |
| Salt | ||||
| Arabidopsis thaliana | 10 d | AT and TM | HKT1 | Sani et al. (2013) |
| 5 d | Proline accumulation and TM | Feng et al. (2016) | ||
| 3 d | AT and TM | bZIP17 and HRD3A | Tian et al. (2019) | |
| Lolium perenne | 46 h | AT | Hu et al. (2016) | |
| Populus alba × P. glandulosa | 3 d | AT and TM | Liu et al. (2019a) | |
| Oryza sativa | 45 d | AT and TM | do Amaral et al. (2020a, 2020b) | |
| Light/UV | ||||
| Arabidopsis thaliana | 1 d | TM | Crisp et al. (2017) | |
| 1 d | Acquired UV-C tolerance | PsbS | Gorecka et al. (2020) | |
| 3 d | Acquired UV-B tolerance | UVR8 | Xiong et al. (2021) | |
| Mechanical loading | ||||
| Mimosa pudica | 28 d | Leaf-folding habituation | Gagliano et al. (2014) | |
| Populus tremula × P. alba | 1 d | TM | Pomiès et al. (2017) |
aThe duration of the primed state was determined by measuring the length of the recovery period between priming and triggering, as indicated in Figure 1.
AT, acquired tolerance; TM, transcriptional memory.