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. 2022 Sep 29;35(1):369–389. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koac296

Figure 6.

Figure 6

ZmELF3.1 was selected during the spread of maize from tropical to temperate regions. A, Frequency of the retrotransposons in the ZmELF3.1 promoter across teosinte, tropical maize, temperate inbred lines, and modern temperate breeding inbred lines. The number of various germplasms is indicated in parentheses. B, Geographic distribution of 1,008 maize landraces native to the Americas with or without the retrotransposon insertions in the ZmELF3.1 promoter (Huang et al., 2018). C, Accessions with retrotransposons insertion at ZmELF3.1 predominantly accumulate at higher latitudes, whereas accessions without the retrotransposon insertions at ZmELF3.1 mainly distribute at low latitudes. Significant differences were determined by the Student’s t test. D, Frequency of accessions with or without the retrotransposon insertions at ZmELF3.1 along a latitudinal gradient.