Table 4.
Impact of gender on PROMs.
| PROM | Women (Mean ± SD) |
Men (Mean ± SD) |
P Value a | P Value b |
| VAS neck | ||||
| Preoperative | 6.4 ± 2.4 | 6.0 ± 2.2 | 0.278 | 0.364 |
| 6 wk | 4.0 ± 2.5 | 3.3 ± 2.6 | 0.138 | <0.001 |
| 12 wk | 2.9 ± 2.8 | 2.9 ± 2.4 | 0.877 | <0.001 |
| 6 mo | 3.0 ± 2.8 | 2.7 ± 2.5 | 0.600 | 0.003 |
| 1 y | 3.2 ± 3.1 | 3.5 ± 2.7 | 0.647 | 0.357 |
| 2 y | 4.2 ± 2.6 | 4.3 ± 2.9 | 0.892 | 0.735 |
| VAS arm | ||||
| Preoperative | 6.5 ± 2.7 | 5.7 ± 2.5 | 0.076 | 0.121 |
| 6 wk | 2.2 ± 2.7 | 2.7 ± 2.5 | 0.317 | 0.005 |
| 12 wk | 3.1 ± 3.5 | 2.5 ± 2.4 | 0.245 | 0.009 |
| 6 mo | 2.9 ± 3.3 | 2.4 ± 2.5 | 0.407 | 0.013 |
| 1 y | 3.0 ± 2.7 | 4.0 ± 3.4 | 0.274 | 0.325 |
| 2 y | 3.3 ± 2.8 | 3.9 ± 3.3 | 0.672 | 0.685 |
| NDI | ||||
| Preoperative | 42.9 ± 19.6 | 40.9 ± 17.8 | 0.574 | <0.001 |
| 6 wk | 30.5 ± 20.2 | 32.5 ± 19.8 | 0.608 | <0.001 |
| 12 wk | 25.0 ± 19.7 | 28.1 ± 20.4 | 0.434 | <0.001 |
| 6 mo | 25.4 ± 21.1 | 22.0 ± 20.5 | 0.418 | <0.001 |
| 1 y | 23.9 ± 20.0 | 26.1 ± 23.6 | 0.712 | 0.684 |
| 2 y | 22.6 ± 16.0 | 33.7 ± 23.9 | 0.217 | 0.457 |
| SF-12 PCS | ||||
| Preoperative | 37.6 ± 7.4 | 37.9 ± 10.5 | 0.799 | 0.004 |
| 6 wk | 39.1 ± 9.4 | 38.0 ± 10.0 | 0.490 | 0.002 |
| 12 wk | 44.5 ± 9.1 | 43.8 ± 11.5 | 0.722 | 0.011 |
| 6 mo | 40.5 ± 10.0 | 43.4 ± 9.6 | 0.214 | 0.166 |
| 1 y | 44.3 ± 8.4 | 43.1 ± 12.2 | 0.692 | 0.314 |
| 2 y | 46.1 ± 8.4 | 37.6 ± 13.1 | 0.043 | 0.120 |
| PROMIS-PF | ||||
| Preoperative | 39.1 ± 6.6 | 40.8 ± 7.8 | 0.345 | <0.001 |
| 6 wk | 42.4 ± 6.9 | 39.3 ± 7.3 | 0.105 | 0.026 |
| 12 wk | 46.2 ± 11.2 | 45.4 ± 10.4 | 0.793 | 0.153 |
| 6 mo | 45.9 ± 9.2 | 47.4 ± 10.9 | 0.634 | 0.031 |
| 1 y | 47.1 ± 7.9 | 48.0 ± 9.4 | 0.800 | 0.995 |
| 2 y | 48.3 ± 11.0 | 46.0 ± 9.6 | 0.528 | 0.844 |
| VR-12 PCS | ||||
| Preoperative | 36.5 ± 7.5 | 36.4 ± 10.0 | 0.923 | 0.003 |
| 6 wk | 40.2 ± 8.5 | 36.3 ± 10.1 | 0.070 | <0.001 |
| 12 wk | 42.9 ± 10.1 | 40.7 ± 11.6 | 0.436 | 0.003 |
| 6 mo | 42.9 ± 9.8 | 45.9 ± 9.3 | 0.207 | 0.090 |
| 1 y | 45.7 ± 8.5 | 44.7 ± 11.6 | 0.735 | 0.803 |
| 2 y | 47.5 ± 7.9 | 38.7 ± 13.5 | 0.035 | 0.093 |
Abbreviations: NDI, Neck Disability Index; PCS, physical composite score; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure; PROMIS-PF, PROM information system physical function; SF-12 PCS, 12-item short form survey PCS; VAS, visual analog scale; VR-12 PCS, veterans RAND 12-item health survey PCS.
Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance.
a
P values calculated using simple linear regression of PROMs by gender.
b
P values calculated using multiple regression of PROMs by gender and insurance type.