Table 1.
Clinical characteristics
| Fulminant type 1 diabetes | Acute‐onset type 1 diabetes | SPIDDM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 38 | 168 | 137 |
| Female | 18 (47%) | 101 (60%) | 70 (51%) |
| Onset age (years) | 44.9 ± 15.4 | 41.0 ± 17.7 | 50.6 ± 15.0 |
| Duration (years) | 2.3 ± 3.1 | 3.7 ± 5.7 | 7.5 ± 9.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.6 ± 2.9 | 20.9 ± 3.2 | 22.8 ± 4.0 |
| DKA at onset (+/−) | 34/4 | 118/35 | 25/102 |
| Insulin therapy (+/−) | 38/0 | 168/0 | 99/38 |
| GADA (+) | 2 (5%) | 129 (77%) | 85 (62%) |
| HLA‐DRB1*04:05 (+) | 19/64 (30%) | 61/252 (24%) | 61/194 (31%) |
| HLA‐DRB1*09:01 (+) | 16/64 (25%) | 72/252 (29%) | 74/194 (38%) |
BMI, body mass index; DKA, diabetic ketoacidosis; GADA, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody; F‐CPR, fasting C‐peptide; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; RIA, radioimmunoassay; SPIDDM, slowly‐progressive type 1 diabetes.