. 2022 Dec 29;15:8775–8786. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S394914

Table 3.

Relation of Quality of Life Domains and Total Scores with Different Characteristics

QoL Domain
Variables	Categories	Wellbeing		Emotional Function		Social Function		Body Image		Total Score
Variables	Categories	M ± SD	p value	M ± SD	p value	M ± SD	p value	M ± SD	p value	M ± SD	p value
Gender	Male	75.42 ± 16.54	0.849	67.14 ± 20.82	0.498	77.00 ± 15.64	0.584	75.50 ± 14.54	0.765	73.71 ± 13.24	0.818^†
Gender	Female	75.99 ± 15.80	0.849	64.10 ± 16.30	0.498	80.86 ± 10.34	0.584	75.99 ± 18.90	0.765	74.59 ± 11.05	0.818^†
Age (Years)	<11	67.71 ± 22.33	0.122	50.89 ± 17.68	0.011*	72.44 ± 17.07	0.155	72.66 ± 20.03	0.565	65.71 ± 12.62	0.030^†*
Age (Years)	≥11	77.43 ± 14.09	0.122	69.15 ± 17.67	0.011*	80.05 ± 12.58	0.155	76.39 ± 15.68	0.565	75.95 ± 11.48	0.030^†*
Flare-ups	No	81.35 ± 11.77	0.043*	70.36 ± 18.36	0.143	79.89 ± 11.67	0.822	80.00 ± 13.39	0.141	77.93 ± 10.59	0.056^†
Flare-ups	Yes	70.92 ± 17.74	0.043*	62.05 ± 18.80	0.143	77.65 ± 15.20	0.822	72.14 ± 17.96	0.141	70.89 ± 12.75	0.056^†
Emergency Room Visit	No	79.42 ± 14.62	0.071	69.57 ± 17.19	0.212	79.73 ± 11.66	0.849	77.50 ± 16.34	0.370	76.83 ± 11.65	0.088^†
Emergency Room Visit	Yes	70.72 ± 16.85	0.071	60.90 ± 20.25	0.212	77.27 ± 16.03	0.849	73.36 ± 16.52	0.370	70.49 ± 12.29	0.088^†
Hospital Admission	No	79.86 ± 11.69	0.056	67.33 ± 17.71	0.866	80.81 ± 11.83	0.298	79.63 ± 15.07	0.055	77.09 ± 9.88	0.039^†*
Hospital Admission	Yes	69.00 ± 19.80	0.056	63.45 ± 20.88	0.866	75.27 ± 15.80	0.298	69.49 ± 16.81	0.055	69.33 ± 14.24	0.039^†*
IBD Severity	Remission	81.73 ± 11.19	0.065	71.57 ± 18.17	0.031*	83.30 ± 10.79	0.06	81.49 ± 13.86	0.006*	79.56 ± 9.87	0.000^‡*
	Mild	70.66 ± 18.22		59.23 ± 15.41		74.05 ± 14.49		66.15 ± 15.18		68.39 ± 10.93
	Moderate	59.38 ± 16.91		54.17 ± 21.12		67.80 ± 15.58		69.79 ± 19.93		61.79 ± 10.81
Clinical Types of IBD	Ulcerative Colitis	77.86 ± 10.29	0.928	62.72 ± 10.27	0.221	78.13 ± 14.91	0.736	72.66 ± 15.95	0.541	73.66 ± 6.70	0.982^‡
	Crohn’s Disease	74.50 ± 18.03		66.71 ± 22.89		79.91 ± 12.22		77.25 ± 16.43		74.40 ± 14.32
	Unclassified	73.61 ± 27.74		75.00 ± 18.90		71.21 ± 20.37		79.17 ± 21.95		73.81 ± 20.16
Immunomodulators	No	78.29 ± 15.66	0.373	70.86 ± 18.38	0.120	77.99 ± 14.27	0.868	78.62 ± 15.91	0.333	76.05 ± 12.26	0.393
Immunomodulators	Yes	73.67 ± 16.35	0.373	62.00 ± 18.67	0.120	79.18 ± 13.34	0.868	73.50 ± 16.66	0.333	72.60 ± 12.21	0.393
Biologics	No	72.00 ± 17.79	0.199	61.00 ± 21.03	0.101	77.82 ± 12.93	0.439	77.25 ± 16.13	0.438	71.91 ± 13.31	0.286
Biologics	Yes	80.48 ± 12.21	0.199	72.18 ± 13.60	0.101	79.78 ± 14.73	0.439	73.68 ± 16.87	0.438	76.95 ± 10.23	0.286
5-aminosalicylic acid	No	78.29 ± 13.23	0.262	70.74 ± 16.40	0.006*	79.47 ± 13.81	0.408	74.40 ± 14.56	0.271	76.01 ± 11.28	0.129
5-aminosalicylic acid	Yes	69.39 ± 20.58	0.262	54.12 ± 19.77	0.006*	76.75 ± 13.45	0.408	78.85 ± 20.34	0.271	69.51 ± 13.55	0.129
Corticosteroids	No	76.24 ± 15.49	0.590	66.99 ± 19.42	0.354	78.69 ± 14.46	0.984	78.21 ± 14.78	0.018*	74.85 ± 12.43	0.352^†
Corticosteroids	Yes	72.62 ± 19.74	0.590	59.69 ± 15.25	0.354	78.57 ± 8.49	0.984	62.50 ± 19.09	0.018*	70.10 ± 10.96	0.352^†
Extraintestinal Manifestation	No	76.04 ± 14.64	0.866	64.18 ± 17.11	0.140	78.34 ± 14.17	0.833	75.37 ± 16.64	0.724	73.70 ± 11.25	0.393
Extraintestinal Manifestation	Yes	74.38 ± 20.97	0.866	71.43 ± 24.11	0.140	79.77 ± 12.10	0.833	76.88 ± 16.15	0.724	75.43 ± 15.67	0.393

Notes: Mann Whitney U-test/Kruskal Wallis test. ^†Independent Sample t-test. ^‡ANOVA. * Significant p-value <0.05.

Abbreviations: QoL, Quality of Life; IBD, Inflammatory Bowel Disease; M, Mean; SD, Standard Deviation.