FIG. 1.

Traditional Nasal Delivery versus POD^®. (A) High speed laser imaging of the emitted aerosol plumes from MIGRANAL (left image) and the POD device (right image) are depicted in the purple circles. Traditional nasal pumps have been shown to deliver drug to the lower nasal space via a widespread puff, where there is an increased likelihood of drug loss due to dripping from the nose or swallowing.^(9,52) POD technology delivers a narrowly targeted plume to the UNS, where the drug is less likely to be lost and can be absorbed by its highly vascularized and permeable epithelium.^{(9,13–15,52)} (B) Quantification of nasal deposition by SPECT imaging revealed that the traditional nasal pump deposited a majority of its dose into the vestibular region in the anterior nasal cavity and that the POD device provided significantly increased deposition in the UNS compared with the traditional nasal pump.⁽⁹⁾ *p < 0.05 Student's t-test. POD, Precision Olfactory Technology; SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography; UNS, upper nasal space.