Table 3.
Factors associated with 5-year local recurrence by Kaplan Meier estimates
| No local recurrence n = 117 (%) | Local recurrence n = 33 (%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean ± SDa | 68.8 ± 11.0 | 67.6 ± 9.7 | 0.75 |
| Sex | 0.21 | ||
| Male | 70 (81.4) | 16 (18.6) | |
| ASA classification | 0.86 | ||
| ASA I-II | 101 (78.3) | 28 (21.7) | |
| ASA III | 14 (77.8) | 4 (22.2) | |
| Distance from anal verge in cm | 0.98 | ||
| 0–5 | 39 (76.5) | 12 (23.5) | |
| 6–10 | 53 (76.8) | 16 (23.2) | |
| 11–15 | 20 (80.0) | 5 (20.0) | |
| Location of tumour | 0.43 | ||
| Anterior | 35 (81.4) | 8 (18.6) | |
| Posterior | 33 (71.7) | 13 (28.3) | |
| Lateral right | 15 (88.2) | 2 (11.8) | |
| Lateral left | 21 (75.0) | 7 (25.0) | |
| Type of procedure | 0.96 | ||
| TEM | 100 (78.7) | 27 (21.3) | |
| TAMIS | 14 (77.8) | 4 (22.2) | |
| Duration of surgical procedure in minutes | 0.057 | ||
| 0–59 | 71 (84.5) | 13 (15.5) | |
| 60–89 | 28 (71.8) | 11 (28.2) | |
| ≥ 90 | 10 (62.5) | 6 (37.5) | |
| Peroperative complication | 0.37 | ||
| Yes | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | |
| Postoperative complications according to Clavien- Dindo | 0.58 | ||
| Grade I–II | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | |
| Grade IIIb | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | |
| Grade IVb | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | |
| Radicality of resection | 0.46 | ||
| R1/Rx | 8 (88.9) | 1 (11.1) | |
| Pathological size of lesion in cm | 0.53 | ||
| Scar | 21 (84.0) | 4 (16.0) | |
| < 3 | 38 (77.6) | 11 (22.4) | |
| ≥ 3 | 40 (71.4) | 16 (28.6) | |
| Grade of differentiation | 0.58 | ||
| Well-to-moderate | 96 (76.2) | 30 (23.8) | |
| Poor | 6 (85.7) | 1 (14.3) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion | 0.017 | ||
| Yes | 7 (50) | 7 (50) | |
| Risk of tumourb | 0.39 | ||
| Low-risk | 71 (76.3) | 22 (23.7) | |
| High-risk | 20 (69.0) | 9 (31.0) | |
| Year of procedure, median (range) | 2007 (1997–2014) | 2007 (1999–2013) |
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, TEM transanal endoscopic microsurgery, TAMIS transanal minimally invasive surgery
aCox regression analysis
bHigh-risk defined as poor differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, distance to resection plane ≤ 1 mm or unevaluable