Table 7.

White proportion estimates overall, by phase, multi-institutional status, tier assessment, masking, and year.

	Frequency (%), studies	Total number of participants	Estimated proportion (95% CI)	P-value compared to reference category (*)	P-value compared to 2010 Census proportion (79.8%)	$I^2$(%)
White
Overall	–	–	77.6% (76.4–78.8)	–	< 0.0001	98.4%
Phase
II*	1094 (68.9%)	103,813	78.0% (76.6–79.5)	–	0.0007	98.4%
III	495 (31.2%)	220,155	76.7% (74.5–78.8)	0.31	0.0004
Institution status
Single*	682 (42.9%)	102,520	74.1% (72.2–76.1)	–	< .0001	98.4%
Multi-institutional	907 (57.1%)	221,448	80.0% (78.5–81.5)	< .0001	0.515
Tier assessment
1*	824 (51.9%)	57,943	76.5% (74.8–78.2)	–	< .0001	98.4%
2	765 (48.1%)	266,025	78.7% (77.0–80.4)	0.076	0.0338
Masking
No masking*	341 (21.5%)	55,000	81.6% (79.1–83.9)	–	0.396	98.3%
Single	107 (6.73%)	22,081	71.8% (66.7–76.6)	0.0003	0.0003
Double	389 (24.5%)	79,017	78.7% (76.3–81.0)	0.102	0.136
Triple	287 (18.1%)	72,527	74.0% (71.0–76.9)	0.0001	< .0001
Quadruple	465 (29.3%)	95,343	77.2% (75.0–79.4)	0.0103	0.0031
Study start year
2008*	121 (7.61%)	35,685	81.7% (77.5–85.5)	–	0.568	98.3%
2009	156 (9.82%)	30,239	81.1% (77.4–84.5)	0.828	0.750
2010	134 (8.43%)	45,381	73.9% (69.5–78.1)	0.0098	0.0017
2011	145 (9.13%)	17,765	72.5% (68.2–76.6)	0.0021	0.0001
2012	159 (10.0%)	29,668	77.3% (73.4–81.0)	0.122	0.0910
2013	189 (11.9%)	32,347	79.9% (76.5–83.2)	0.511	0.734
2014	169 (10.6%)	25,349	75.6% (71.7–79.3)	0.0316	0.0082
2015	177 (11.1%)	29,085	79.3% (75.7–82.7)	0.386	0.505
2016	150 (9.44%)	41,432	80.4% (76.5–83.9)	0.637	0.942
2017	128 (8.06%)	23,619	74.1% (69.6–78.4)	0.0136	0.0033
2018	47 (2.96%)	10,243	72.7% (65.0–79.8)	0.0321	0.0304
2019	14 (0.88%)	3155	79.4% (65.8–90.4)	0.731	0.864