Table 2.
Comparison of incidence rates (per 1000 patient-years) and relative risk of gastrointestinal bleeding between patients with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) before and after matching using propensity scores.
| Characteristics | Before matching | After matching | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All PD patients | All HD patients | Matched PD patients | Matched HD patients | |||||||
| No. of events | Incidence rates | No. of events | Incidence rates | aSHR† (95% CI) (Ref. = PD) | No. of events | Incidence rates | No. of events | Incidence rates | aSHR† (95% CI) (Ref. = PD) | |
| Overall | 815 | 43.30 (40.38–46.38)** | 20,970 | 65.25 (64.37–66.13) ** | 1.23** (1.15–1.33) | 815 | 43.31 (40.39–46.39) | 950 | 44.23 (41.46–47.13) | 1.13* (1.03–1.24) |
| Male age group | ||||||||||
| 18–34 | 33 | 30.94 (21.30–43.45) | 285 | 26.21 (23.25–29.43) | 0.98 (0.66–1.46) | 33 | 30.94 (21.30–43.45) | 42 | 26.57 (19.15–35.92) | 0.87 (0.53–1.43) |
| 35–49 | 82 | 32.73 (26.03–40.63) | 1584 | 42.3 (40.25–44.44) | 1.26 (1.00–1.60) | 82 | 32.73 (26.03–40.63) | 120 | 39.44 (32.70–47.16) | 1.24 (0.93–1.66) |
| 50–64 | 191 | 56.92 (49.14–65.59) | 3977 | 66.01 (63.97–68.09) | 1.09 (0.94–1.27) | 191 | 56.92 (49.14–65.59) | 187 | 52.28 (45.05–60.33) | 1.01 (0.82–1.23) |
| 65–79 | 88 | 75.52 (60.57–93.04) | 3803 | 95.43 (92.42–98.51) | 1.29* (1.05–1.60) | 88 | 75.52 (60.57–93.04) | 104 | 74.61 (60.96–90.4) | 1.09 (0.82–1.47) |
| ≥ 80 | 19 | 110.01(66.23–171.79) | 878 | 131.57 (123.01–140.57) | 1.45 (0.91–2.31) | 19 | 110.01 (66.23–171.79) | 24 | 131.71 (84.39–195.97) | 1.54 (0.76–3.12) |
| Total | 413 | 49.97(45.27–55.03)** | 10,527 | 67.88 (66.59–69.18)** | 1.21** (1.09–1.34) | 413 | 49.97 (45.27–55.03) | 477 | 48.79 (44.51–53.37) | 1.10 (0.97–1.26) |
| Female age group | ||||||||||
| 18–34 | 26 | 17.26 (11.28–25.29) | 182 | 20.38 (17.52–23.56) | 1.06 (0.65–1.73) | 26 | 17.31 (11.31–25.36) | 31 | 19.49 (13.24–27.66) | 0.90 (0.48–1.69) |
| 35–49 | 78 | 22.95 (18.14–28.64) | 1196 | 29.64 (27.98–31.37) | 1.00 (0.77–1.29) | 78 | 22.95 (18.14–28.64) | 78 | 21.33 (16.86–26.63) | 0.91 (0.66–1.26) |
| 50–64 | 157 | 40.47 (34.39–47.32) | 3452 | 57.36 (55.46–59.31) | 1.06 (0.89–1.25) | 157 | 40.47 (34.39–47.32) | 175 | 41.89 (35.91–48.57) | 1.06 (0.85–1.32) |
| 65–79 | 109 | 71.91 (59.05–86.75) | 4532 | 92.17 (89.51–94.89) | 1.33*(1.10–1.62) | 109 | 71.91 (59.05–86.75) | 158 | 77.9 (66.23–91.04) | 1.27 (0.99–1.63) |
| ≥ 80 | 32 | 124.8 (85.36–176.18) | 1081 | 140.9 (132.62–149.55) | 1.43 (1.00–2.05) | 32 | 124.8 (85.36–176.18) | 31 | 124.8 (84.79–177.14) | 1.11 (0.65–1.89) |
| Total | 402 | 38.08(34.45–41.99)** | 10,443 | 62.79 (61.59–64.01)** | 1.24** (1.12–1.38) | 402 | 38.09 (34.46–42.01) | 473 | 40.42 (36.86–44.23) | 1.15** (1.00–1.31) |
The comparisons of overall and sex-specific incidence rates and cumulative incidence rates between the HD and PD patients without matching were all statistically significant (p < 0.0001), and the male and female incidence rates for the HD and PD patients with matching were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
aSHR Adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio; Ref. Reference group; CI Confidence interval.
†Based on a Cox proportional hazard regression with a competing risk analysis and adjusted for age, sex, selected comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hyperlipidemia, rheumatological disease) and medications (Aspirin, Antiplatelet agent, NSAID, Cox-2 selective inhibitors, Corticosteroids, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Anticoagulants, Gastroprotective agents, Aldosterone antagonists, Calcium channel blocker, Nitrates).
*p value < 0.05.
**p value < 0.001.