Table 3.
Participant characteristics according to the PHASES score.
| PHASES score | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (<5) | Medium (5-9) | High (9 <) | ||
| n = 326 | n = 514 | n = 161 | ||
| Age, years | 56.77 ± 12.08 | 64.89 ± 12.02 | 72.76 ± 9.71 | <0.001 |
| Sex, female | 231 (70.9) | 369 (71.8) | 122 (75.8) | 0.508 |
| Systolic blood pressures, mmHg | 127.05 ± 15.11 | 130.35 ± 16.43 | 130.06 ± 14.70 | 0.010 |
| Diastolic blood pressures, mmHg | 76.24 ± 10.51 | 76.95 ± 10.54 | 74.71 ± 10.30 | 0.062 |
| Height, m | 1.60 ± 0.79 | 1.58 ± 0.85 | 1.57 ± 0.90 | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 61.29 ± 11.24 | 61.35 ± 10.67 | 60.85 ± 11.86 | <0.881 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.91 ± 3.49 | 24.55 ± 3.51 | 24.70 ± 4.07 | 0.019 |
| Hypertension | 97 (29.8) | 303 (58.9) | 142 (88.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 35 (10.7) | 107 (20.8) | 47 (29.2) | <0.001 |
| Smoking, current | 62 (19.0) | 89 (17.3) | 23 (14.3) | 0.431 |
| Alcohol, current | 90 (27.6) | 120 (23.4) | 19 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease* | 21 (6.5) | 46 (8.9) | 34 (21.1) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 70 (21.5) | 16 (26.5) | 42 (26.1) | 0.252 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 5 (1.5) | 15 (2.9) | 5 (3.1) | 0.400 |
| CKD | 12 (3.7) | 61 (11.9) | 32 (19.9) | <0.001 |
| Family history of SAH | 5 (1.5) | 6 (1.2) | 2 (1.2) | 0.899 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.71 (4.07–5.41) | 4.45 (3.76–5.18) | 4.20 (3.55–4.91) | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.31 (0.92–1.88) | 1.36 (0.99–1.98) | 1.37 (0.97–1.84) | 0.362 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.41 (1.18–1.64) | 1.31 (1.07–1.64) | 1.30 (1.06–1.64) | 0.015 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.59 (2.09–3.34) | 2.43 (1.79–3.14) | 2.31 (1.61–3.10) | 0.007 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.99 (5.44–6.83) | 6.35 (5.59–7.49) | 6.30 (5.55–8.13) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.90 (5.50–6.50) | 6.30 (5.75–7.15) | 6.45 (5.88–7.20) | 0.003 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 99.90 ± 25.51 | 91.18 ± 27.54 | 80.25 ± 26.05 | <0.001 |
| WBC, 109/L | 6.31 (5.16–7.57) | 6.32 (5.25–7.72) | 6.40 (5.51–7.79) | 0.518 |
| RBC, 1012/L | 4.35 (4.07–4.63) | 4.28 (3.96–4.62) | 4.10 (3.76–4.43) | <0.001 |
| Hb, g/L | 133.24 ± 15.23 | 131.76 ± 15.38 | 126.44 ± 17.28 | <0.001 |
| Platelet, 109/L | 239.86 ± 55.78 | 233.49 ± 62.19 | 231.18 ± 57.75 | 0.206 |
| Neutrophil, 109/L | 3.52 (2.65–4.43) | 3.54 (2.71–4.71) | 3.73 (2.87–4.92) | 0.030 |
| Lymphocyte, 109/L | 2.07 (1.63–2.54) | 2.01 (1.56–2.47) | 1.94 (1.47–2.38) | 0.021 |
| PNR | 68.48 (54.04–88.25) | 65.87 (47.66–85.25) | 59.19 (46.25–75.61) | <0.001 |
| NLR | 1.62 (1.20–2.22) | 1.70 (1.27–2.51) | 1.95 (1.44–2.79) | <0.001 |
| PLR | 113.61 (90.25–145.04) | 115.10 (88.88–147.77) | 123.61 (90.71–158.26) | 0.188 |
| PWR | 36.55 (31.31–46.03) | 36.06 (28.53–44.09) | 33.55 (28.04–43.40) | 0.007 |
| PT | 11.27 ± 0.73 | 11.33 ± 0.86 | 11.32 ± 0.82 | 0.632 |
| PTT | 31.43 ± 3.47 | 30.91 ± 3.98 | 30.45 ± 3.51 | 0.062 |
| ESR, mm/h | 15.89 ± 14.71 | 17.69 ± 15.87 | 21.04 ± 17.63 | 0.025 |
| CRP, mg/L | 2.63 ± 6.61 | 4.43 ± 14.16 | 3.81 ± 8.47 | 0.252 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (IQR), number (%).
CKD, chronic kidney disease; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; Hb, hemoglobin; PNR, platelet-to-neutrophil ratio; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; PWR, platelet-to-white blood cell ratio; PT, prothrombin time; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein.
*
Cardiovascular disease includes coronary heart disease, heart failure, or peripheral arterial disease.