Table 1. Demographics and healthcare metrics of NSW, Australia and Ontario, Canada .

Demographic	NSW	Ontario
Population	8 164 12856	14 733 11957
GSP (NSW) or GDP (ONT) (2019, millions of US dollars)	$426 52058	$735 21159
GSP or GDP per capita (2019, US dollars)	$53 06258	$50 54857,59
Healthcare spending per capita (2019, US dollars)	$516260	$573261
Acute care beds per capita (per 1000 population)	3.962	1.763
Healthcare Administration	Largely publicly funded; state is responsible for acute care (federal government retains authority for primary care)55	Largely publicly funded; province is responsible for acute care and primary care55
Historical events relevant to COVID-19 pandemic	2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, 2020 Australian Bush Fires	2003 SARS outbreak, 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic

Abbreviations: NSW, New South Wales; ONT, Ontario; GSP, gross state product; GDP, gross domestic product; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Note: Dollar amounts, originally reported in local currencies, were converted to US dollars using purchasing power parities (PPP) for the appropriate year as reported by the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD).⁶⁴