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. 2021 Aug 9;11(9):1801–1813. doi: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.81

Table 5. Coping Strategies of Adverse Stigma, Discrimination and Social Exclusion .

Adverse Experience Examples of Coping Strategy Coping Strategy Illustrative Quote
Stigmatization Tenants were told to cease talking to a participant. Upon hearing this, the participant withdrew from the house cleaning roster and vowed to offend anyone who comes her way. Distancing behavior “…you don’t talk to me so don’t tell me to clean. If you do then you are in for a fight.”
A participant responded to labelling by being aggressive to offenders including using abusive language. Aggressive behavior “ Anybody who calls me names will get insults in return. I won’t take nonsense.”
A participant acted against stereotyping behaviors by issuing threats to offenders. Aggressive behavior “I have warned people that I will not take it kindly if they call me corona.”
Discrimination Deliberate absenteeism was deployed by some participants to cope with workplace discrimination. Poor commitment to work “There is no work for me to do so there is no need going to work all the time.”
Feigning sickness in order to stay off work was used to cope with undesirable behaviors at the workplace. Poor commitment to work “ …if you don’t go to work, you get query. If you go to work, you are not happy. What do you do? Just pretend that you are sick and stay home.”
Intention to quit job in response to unfair treatment and relational barriers. Organizational withdrawal “…with what is happening to me, I will leave if I get another job.”
Social exclusion A participant blocked contact with the close friends exhibiting socially constraining behaviors. Social withdrawal “I am doing away with friends who look down on me because I tested positive.”