Table 1. Epidemiological characteristics of patients with CPE, CPPA, CRAB, MRSA and multiple MDRO originating from Ukraine, the Netherlands, sampled 1 March–31 August 2022 (n = 58).
| Characteristic | CPEa (n = 39) | CPPAb (n = 12) | CRABb (n = 3) | MRSAb (n = 13) | Multiple MDROa,b,c (n = 11) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | n | n | n | n | |
| Median age in years (range) | 34 (0–86) | 31 (2–66) | 45 (36–66) | 27 (0–70) | 28 (16–66) |
| Male | 26 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 9 |
| Female | 13 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Type of material | |||||
| Swabs from nose/throat/rectum/perineum | 26 | 6 | 0 | 11 | 5 |
| Wound/pus | 10 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| Urine | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Additional metadata available | 39 | 7 | 0d | 12 | 11 |
| Reason for culturing | |||||
| Diagnostic/clinical indication | 5 | 4 | 0 | 3e | 2 |
| Screening for MDRO, contact tracing or belongs to risk group | 32 | 3 | 0 | 10e | 8 |
| Other/unknown | 2 | NC | NC | NC | 1 |
| Sampling location | |||||
| Outpatient clinic | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 |
| Inpatient ward | 24 | 7 | 0 | 6 | 9 |
| Intensive care unit | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Invasive medical procedure/diagnostics | |||||
| Yes | 22 | 1 | 0 | NC | 11 |
| No | 1 | 3 | 0 | NC | 0 |
| Unknown | 16 | 3 | 0 | NC | 0 |
| Risk factor | |||||
| Hospitalisation abroad > 24 h during the previous 2 months | 21 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 10 |
CPE: carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales; CPPA: carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa; CRAB: carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; MDRO: multidrug-resistant organism; MRSA: meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; NC: not collected.
a Based on the notifications in the national mandatory notification system.
b Based on the metadata entered in the database of the Dutch national surveillance.
c These patients are also taken into account in columns ‘CPE’, ‘CPPA’ and ‘MRSA’, where applicable.
d For CRAB, additional epidemiological data were not available because this pilot surveillance started only in August 2022.
e One questionnaire was incomplete and only this question was available and therefore the denominator is 13 for this item.