Table 1. Description of the study population and comparison between individuals developing or not mpox despite post-exposure preventive vaccination, according to univariate analysis, Lyon, France, June–August 2022 (n = 108).
| Characteristics | Descriptive analysisa | Simple logistic regression analysisb | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total population (n = 108) |
Developed breakthrough mpox (n = 11) |
Did not develop breakthrough mpox (n = 97) |
p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | ||||
| Numberc | %c | Numberc | %c | Numberc | %c | ||||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||||
| Male sexd | 97 | 90 | 11 | 100 | 86 | 89 | 0.5990 | NC | NC |
| Age in yearse | Median (IQR) | 0.2796 | 0.95 (0.88–1.01) | 0.1747 | |||||
| 35 (29–44) | 34 (28–36) | 35 (29–45) | |||||||
| Information related to immunosuppression or to prior smallpox immunisationf | |||||||||
| History of smallpox vaccination | 25 | 23 | 1 | NP | 24 | 25 | 0.4512 | 0.30 (0.02–1.71) | 0.2682 |
| Immunosuppression | 17 | 16 | 4g | NP | 13h | 13 | 0.0696 | 3.69 (0.87–14.12) | 0.0598 |
| HIV infection | 15 | 14 | 3 | NP | 12 | 12 | 0.1792 | 2.66 (0.53–10.72) | 0.1891 |
| Type of exposurei | |||||||||
| Sexual | 53 | 49 | 10 | NP | 43 | 44 | 0.0037 | 12.56 (2.27–234.90) | 0.0179 |
| Cutaneous | 35 | 32 | 1 | NP | 34 | 35 | 0.0994 | 0.19 (0.01–1.03) | 0.1152 |
| Other close contact | 20 | 19 | 0 | NP | 20 | 21 | 0.2113 | NC | NC |
| Number of days from exposure to vaccinationj | Median (IQR) | 0.1276 | 0.86 (0.71–1.04) | 0.1200 | |||||
| 9 (5.0–11.0) | 7 (3.0–10.0) | 9 (5.5–11.0) | |||||||
CI: confidence interval; NP: not presented due to the small sample size; NC: not calculable; OR: odds ratio.
a Groups were compared using Fisher’s exact test or Mann–Whitney test, as appropriate.
b OR (and their 95% CI) were estimated separately using simple logistic regression analysis.
c Unless specified otherwise in certain cells of the table.
d Information on sex was collected as a binary variable. ORs for male participants were not calculable.
e Age was handled as a continuous variable and OR represents the change in odds by each one-year increase.
f References for the ORs in this section were the absence of the characteristic in question (i.e. no smallpox immunisation, no immunosuppression, and no HIV).
g Including three people living with HIV and one person receiving a TNFα inhibitor.
h Including 12 people living with HIV (1/12 with concomitant haematological malignancy) and one solid organ transplant recipient.
I The reference for the OR of each type of exposure in this section included all the other types of exposures combined.
j Time from exposure to vaccination was handled as a continuous variable and OR represents the change in odds by each one-day increase.
p values < 0.2 are in bold type.