Summary of findings 3. Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities compared to usual care for sleep disturbances in people with dementia.
| Social activities compared to usual care for sleep disturbances in people with dementia | ||||||
| Patient or population: sleep disturbances in people with dementia Setting: nursing home Intervention: social activities Comparison: usual care | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with usual care | Risk with social activities | |||||
| Total nocturnal sleep time (minutes) | The mean total nocturnal sleep time (minutes) was 328.9 minutes | MD 16.78 minutes higher (7.78 lower to 41.34 higher) | ‐ | 236 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | Both studies reported differences between groups in favour of the interventions using actigraphy after 21 days and 7 weeks (Richards 2005; Richards 2011). |
| Consolidated sleep ‐ not measured | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| Sleep efficiency | The mean sleep efficiency was 52.69 % | MD 2.65 % higher (1.79 lower to 7.09 higher) | ‐ | 236 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | Both studies reported differences between groups in favour of the interventions using actigraphy after 21 days and 7 weeks (Richards 2005; Richards 2011). |
| Total wake time at night (minutes) ‐ not reported | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Number of nocturnal awakenings ‐ not reported | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Sleep onset latency ‐ not reported | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Adverse events | None of the studies reported any unexpected or serious adverse event | 236 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ‐ | ||
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||||
| See interactive version of this table: https://gdt.gradepro.org/presentations/#/isof/isof_question_revman_web_424365232111962546. | ||||||
a Downgraded one level for risk of bias: unclear risk of selection, performance, and detection bias in at least one study. b Downgraded one level for imprecision: wide confidence interval.