Table 1.
Literature values of the brain white/gray matter semisolid MT and amide proton volume fractions (fss / fs) and exchange rates (kssw / ksw).
| Brain tissue | fss (%) | kssw (Hz) | fs (%) | ksw (Hz) | Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WM | 12.2 ± 1.7 | 48.6 ± 2.4 | 0.76 ± 0.09 | 47.9 ± 11.6 | Dictionary-correlation matched CEST MRF59 |
| GM | 8.1 ± 1.1 | 47.1 ± 4.0 | 0.61 ± 0.13 | 34.8 ± 11.7 | (rat at 4.7T) |
| WM | 11.2 ± 0.7 | 29 ± 4 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 162 ± 16 | Sub-grouping proton exchange models61 |
| GM | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 40 ± 5 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | 365 ± 19 | (human at 3T) |
| WM | 16.9 ± 1.3 | 10.3 ± 0.9 | — | — | Deep semisolid MT MRF with synthetic signal validation73 |
| GM | 10.6 ± 1.5 | 12.5 ± 2.0 | — | — | (human at 3T) |
| WM | 15.2 ± 2.0 | 14.0 ± 2.4 | — | — | Unsupervised semisolid MT MRF75 |
| GM | 10.2 ± 1.1 | 16.3 ± 1.6 | — | — | (human at 3T) |
| WM | 9.4 ± 3.0 | 14.0 ± 6.9 | 0.31 ± 0.02 | 42.3 ± 2.9 | Sequential and deep semisolid MT/CEST MRF15 |
| GM | 4.2 ± 4.4 | 35.1 ± 15.4 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 34.6 ± 9.5 | (human at 3T) |
| WM | 19.8 ± 0.5 | 43.9 ± 2.4 | 0.40 ± 0.27 | 73.0 ± 51.1 | AutoCEST82 |
| GM | 12.8 ± 0.8 | 56.5 ± 3.1 | 0.29 ± 0.16 | 61.0 ± 29.3 | (mouse at 9.4T) |
| WM | 13.9 ± 2.8 | 23 ± 4 | — | — | Two pool model fitting of semisolid MT71 |
| GM | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 40 ± 1 | — | — | (bovine at 3T) |
| WM | 8.9 ± 0.3 | — | 0.21 ± 0.03 | — | Numerically simulated look up table with three Z-spectra58 |
| GM | 4.4 ± 0.4 | — | 0.20 ± 0.02 | — | (human at 7T) |
| WM | 6.2 ± 0.4 | 67.5 ± 7.0 | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 281.2 ± 0.6 | Four pool model fitting109 |
| GM | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 63.5 ± 4.5 | 0.25 ± 0.05 | 281.9 ± 0.9 | (human at 7T) |
| WM | 13.48 ± 0.37 | — | — | — | Semisolid MT proton fraction mapping110 |
| GM | 5.77 ± 0.34 | — | — | — | (human at 3T) |
| WM | — | — | — | — | Water exchange spectroscopy (WEX)33 |
| GM | — | — | — | 28.6 ± 7.4 | (rat at 4.7T) |
| WM | 11.4 ± 1.2 | 11 ± 2 | — | — | Selective inversion recovery based quantitative semisolid MT111 |
| GM | 7.5 ± 0.7 | 15 ± 6 | — | — | (human at 3T) |
| WM | 17.6 ± 1.3 | 14.5 ± 1.5 | — | — | Selective inversion recovery based quantitative semisolid MT112 |
| GM | 10.3 ± 1.6 | 24.4 ± 4.4 | — | — | (human at 7T) |
| WM/GM | — | — | — | 350-400 | Frequency labeled exchange transfer (FLEX) imaging49 (human at 3T) |