Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Authors (year) | Country/region | Study design | Setting | Outcomes | Sample size | Mean age | Male, % | Definition of MetS | Criteria for alcohol use exclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cal [28] | China | Retrospective | Unknown | Liver fibrosis | 1,236 | 42.71 | 72 | IDF | >30 g/day |
| Liver steatosis | |||||||||
| Chen [29] | Taiwan | Retrospective | Unknown | HCC | 5,606 | − | 34.25 | NCEP | Exact amount not mention |
| Kim [30] | Korea | Retrospective | Outpatient | HCC | 1,696 | 50.00 | 40.92 | NCEP | Exact amount not mention |
| Mena [31] | Spain | Cross-sectional | Outpatient | Liver fibrosis | 96 | 46.00 | 66.67 | NCEP | >30 g/day |
| Cirrhosis | |||||||||
| Seto [18] | Hong Kong | Prospective | Outpatient | Fibrosis regression | 123 | 56.9 | 77.24 | IDF | >20 g/day |
| Shi [32] | China | Retrospective | Inpatient | Liver fibrosis | 136 | 34.52 | 75.74 | NCEP | Alcoholic liver disease was excluded |
| Wong [7] | Hong Kong | Prospective | Outpatient | Liver cirrhosis | 1,466 | 46.00 | 64.05 | IDF | >30 g/day |
| Yoon [33] | Korea | Mixed | Mixed | Liver fibrosis | 850 | 43.2 | 63.29 | IDF | ≥20 g/day |
| Kim [34] | Korea | Retrospective | Unknown | Liver-related death | 587 | 48.2 | 65.42 | IDF | ≥20 g/day |
| Tan [35] | China | Prospective | Outpatient | HCC | 6,564 | 45.42 | 67.85 | IDF | >80 g/day 3 times a wk |
| All studies | − | − | − | − | 18,360 | 45.81 | 54.91 | − | − |
IDF, International Diabetes Federation; NCEPT, National Cholesterol Education Program.