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. 2023 Jan 2;11(1):e005514. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005514

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Diagnostics, biomarkers, and assays currently employed in TBMs. A multitude of methods can be used to diagnose cancer in TBM, classify the suspicious lesion, and follow-up treatment response. This includes versatile imaging methods, tumor-specific Immunohistochemistry panels, molecular pathological tests, as well as the follow-up of the immunological response in the tumor bed, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood by flow cytometry (created with BioRender). BC, breast cancer; CRC, colorectal cancer; DNAseq, DNA sequencing; ER, estrogen receptor; FAP, fibroblast activation protein; FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose; FFPE, formalin fixed paraffin embedded; i.v., intravenous; LNs, lymph nodes; mRNA, messenger RNA; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1; PET, positron emission tomography; PR, progesterone receptor; RNAseq, RNA sequencing; RT-qPCR, real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; TBM, tumor-bearing monkey; WES, whole exome sequencing; WGS, whole genome sequencing.