Table 1.

Advantages and disadvantages of mainstream bioprinting technology

Technology Type	Advantage	Disadvantage	Reference
Inkjet-based Bioprinting	Fast speed Low cost Strong simulation	Easy clogging of nozzles Limited ink viscosity Uneven ink size Poor sequence lines	[21, 23–26]
Laser-based Bioprinting	High resolution High cell viability Wide range of cell density Wide range of biomaterial viscosity	Photocrosslinker toxicity Photo-induced gene mutation Expensive Time consuming	[27–31]
Extrusion-based Bioprinting	Extensibility Easy to operate High versatility Low price Wide range of cell density Wide range of biomaterial viscosity	Low resolution Low cell viability	[12, 24, 32–36]