Table 2.

Effect of whole-grain consumption on the odds of myopia in Models 1–5

	Whole grains: 25–50%	Whole grains: >50%
Crude model
OR	1.033	0.376
95% CI	0.672–1.589	0.165–0.856
P-value	0.881	0.020
Model 1
OR	1.033	0.376
95% CI	0.672–1.589	0.165–0.856
P-value	0.881	0.020
Model 2
OR	1.160	0.381
95% CI	0.742–1.814	0.161–0.900
P-value	0.516	0.028
Model 3
OR	1.221	0.398
95% CI	0.759–1.966	0.162–0.983
P-value	0.411	0.046
Model 4
OR	1.252	0.393
95% CI	0.774–2.025	0.158–0.974
P-value	0.360	0.044
Model 5
OR	1.217	0.370
95% CI	0.745–1.990	0.147–0.935
P-value	0.433	0.036

The reference category was WG intake < 25%

In the crude model: no adjustment, whole grains ≤ 25% were taken as reference. In Model 1, sex, age, and school type were adjusted. In Model 2, parental myopia was also included. In Model 3, near-work activity, reading and writing habits, screen time, eye exercise, and visual fatigue times per week were subsequently entered into the model. In Model 4, outdoor time and light environment in the classroom were further entered into the model. In Model 5, the intake of fruits and vegetables were also entered into the model

CI Confidence interval, OR Odds ratio