Table 2.

Marginal differences of included characteristics on medical expenditure during the last year of life

Characteristics	Dy/dx	95% CI		P value
Rurality (Ref: Urban)
Rural	-229	-378	-80	0.003
Primary Caregivers (Ref: Informal)
Formal	278	-443	1,000	0.45
Place of death (Ref: Home)
Hospital	798	518	1,077	< .001
Nursing home facilities	-440	-1,055	176	0.161
Age at death (Ref: 80–89)
90–99	-180	-274	-86	< .001
≥ 100	-424	-546	-302	< .001
Per capita household income annually (Ref: < 391)
391–942	4	-124	132	0.95
942–3,060	206	-26	438	0.08
> 3,060	726	452	999	< .001
Main financial source before dying
Retirement wage (Ref: No)	511	120	902	0.01
Timely medical services (Ref: Yes)
No	-335	-446	-223	< .001
Was not ill	-317	-451	-183	< .001
Health Condition
Disabilities in ADLs (Ref: No)	313	178	448	< .001
Number of Comorbidities (Ref: 0)
1	-4	-127	120	0.95
2	177	25	330	0.02
≥ 3	224	15	433	0.04
Region (Ref: Eastern)
Central	-264	-425	-103	0.001
Western	-282	-436	-128	< .001
Northeast	-154	-419	111	0.26

Note: Dy/dx Average marginal effect, CI Confidence interval, ADLs activities of daily living. Only results of predictors of statistically significance were presented. Results of associations between gender, ethnicity, marital status, years of schooling, number of children even born, family support as main financial source, once having white-collar jobs before retirement, living arrangement during the last year of life, self-rated health status, health behaviors and end-of-life medical expenditures were not presented. All the currency was presented in the US dollar