Table 3.
spICP-MS Determination of PNCdirect and Ratio between PNCdirect and PNCmean, Expressed in Percentage, for Different Commercial AuNPsa
| measured PNCdirect (L−1)b | supplier diameter + supplier Au mass fractionc (%) | supplier diameter + in-house Au mass fractionc (%) | HR-SEM diameter + in-house Au mass fractionc (%) | spICP-MS diameter + in-house Au mass fractionc (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 nm PVP | (2.19 ± 0.20) × 1014 | 117.4 ± 7.6 | 95.0 ± 6.9 | 92.2 ± 16.7 (33.4)d | 97.0 ± 6.6 (13.1)d |
| 30 nm bPEI | (2.03 ± 0.36 )X 1014 | 115.1 ± 12.8 | 96.4 ± 9.8 | 102.8 ± 18.5 (37.0)d | 98.3 ± 8.8 (17.7)d |
| 30 nm PEG | (2.16 ± 0.30) × 1014 | 148.4 ± 13.6 | 131.6 ± 10.6 | 101.4 ± 17.0 (34.1)d | 108.9 ± 7.4 (14.7)d |
| 60 nm PVP | (2.69 ± 0.24) × 1013 | 89.9 ± 9.1 | 81.2 ± 8.9 | 96.4 ± 11.1 (22.2)d | 91.7 ± 6.3 (12.7)d |
| 60 nm bPEI first lot | (2.46 ± 0.28) × 1013 | 127.5 ± 12.2 | 111.3 ± 14.7 | 91.4 ± 13.1 (26.1)d | 90.8 ± 10.3 (20.6)d |
| 60 nm bPEI second lot | (2.80 ± 0.37) × 1013 | 125.0 ± 12.3 | 103.9 ± 9.0 | 90.9 ± 9.7 (19.4)d | 90.3 ± 5.6 (11.1)d |
| 60 nm PEG first lot | (2.99 ± 0.41) × 1013 | 160.0 ± 14.6 | 148.4 ± 11.1 | 101.8 ± 9.4 (18.7)d | 96.3 ± 2.3 (4.5)d |
| 60 nm PEG second lot | (2.65 ± 0.45) × 1013 | 144.1 ± 13.9 | 126.8 ± 10.6 | 100.1 ± 10.4 (20.8)d | 93.2 ± 8.2 (16.5)d |
| 100 nm citrate | (5.75 ± 0.73) × 1012 | 129.4 ± 13.8 | 130.6 ± 14.0 | 108.8 ± 11.2 (22.3)d | 91.4 ± 7.6 (15.2)d |
| 100 nm PVP | (4.68 ± 0.74) × 1012 | 91.6 ± 7.8 | 107.4 ± 8.4 | 93.0 ± 8.9 (17.8)d | 93.0 ± 8.0 (16.0)d |
| 100 nm bPEI | (4.93 ± 0.59) × 1012 | 93.4 ± 8.4 | 115.8 ± 12.9 | 104.7 ± 11.9 (23.8)d | 99.9 ± 9.8 (19.7)d |
| 100 nm PEG | (6.33 ± 0.59) × 1012 | 139.2 ± 13.3 | 126.9 ± 10.3 | 90.9 ± 6.6 (13.3)d | 104.3 ± 6.3 (12.7)d |
PNCmean values reported for comparison to PNCdirect were derived based on the combination of Au mass fraction and the mean particle size reported by TEM,34 HR-SEM,32 and spICP-MS.32 With regard to Au mass fraction, values provided by the supplier were used in the first column while in-house determinations were used for the remainder columns.
Values indicate the direct measurement of PNCdirect and U95% C.I. that includes all recognized and evaluated sources of bias affecting PNCdirect determinations.
Values indicate the ratio between PNCdirect and PNCmean, expressed in percentage, and the combined standard uncertainty (uc) associated.
All recognized and evaluated sources of bias affecting PNC determinations were included in the parenthetical expanded uncertainty computation that corresponds to U95% C.I.