. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 22.

Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2022 Feb 10;94(7):3091–3102. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04140

Table 4.

Ratio between PNC_direct Obtained by spICP-MS and PNC_distribution, Expressed in Percentage, for Different Commercial AuNPs^ab

	TEM (supplier) full PSD	HR-SEM Full PSD	spICP-MS full PSD
30 nm PVP	88.8 ± 7.2	81.6 ± 14.4 (28.9)^c	79.8 ± 6.0 (11.9)^c
30 nm bPEI	92.4 ± 9.9	81.8 ± 14.9 (29.9)^c	79.6 ± 7.6 (15.3)^c
30 nm PEG	123.3 ± 10.6	87.7 ± 15.4 (30.7)^c	86.7 ± 6.3 (12.5)^c
60 nm PVP	68.8 ± 8.3	81.4 ± 9.3 (18.5)^c	76.3 ± 5.4 (10.8)^c
60 nm bPEI first lot	97.6 ± 13.5	82.9 ± 8.7 (17.5)^c	81.0 ± 9.1 (18.3)^c
60 nm bPEI second lot	94.5 ± 8.7	82.9 ± 4.0 (18.9)^c	77.9 ± 4.8 (9.5)^c
60 nm PEG first lot	132.6 ± 11.5	78.1 ± 8.3 (16.7)^c	81.7 ± 2.1 (4.2)^c
60 nm PEG second lot	113.9 ± 10.5	86.6 ± 8.9 (17.8)^c	81.5 ± 7.1 (14.2)^c
100 nm Citrate	114.1 ± 13.3	92.1 ± 9.5 (18.9)^c	77.1 ± 6.5 (12.9)^c
100 nm PVP	103.0 ± 8.4	85.0 ± 8.1 (16.1)^c	73.9 ± 6.5 (13.0)^c
100 nm bPEI	103.7 ± 12.2	90.2 ± 9.9 (19.8)^c	87.4 ± 8.6 (17.1)^c
100 nm PEG	104.9 ± 11.1	80.5 ± 5.8 (11.6)^c	87.7 ± 5.4 (10.1)^c

PNC_distribution values reported for comparison to PNC_direct were derived based on the combination of in-house Au mass fraction determination and PSD reported by TEM,³³ HR-SEM,³⁷ and spICP-MS.³⁷

Values indicate the ratio between PNC_direct and PNC_distribution, expressed in percentage, and the combined standard uncertainty (u_c) associated.

All recognized and evaluated sources of bias affecting PNC determinations were included in the parenthetical expanded uncertainty computation that corresponds to U95% C.I.